Understanding Your Manual Hoyer Lift
Before attempting any transfer, it is critical to familiarize yourself with the components of your specific manual hoyer lift. A manual (or hydraulic) lift uses a hand-pump to raise the boom and a control valve to lower it, unlike a powered lift which uses an electric motor.
Key Components of a Manual Lift
- Mast: The vertical column of the lift.
- Boom: The long, angled bar that extends from the mast and raises or lowers the sling.
- Sling Bar: The 4- or 6-point bar at the end of the boom to which the sling is attached.
- Base Legs: The support legs with wheels that can be adjusted for width.
- Spreader Handle (or Foot Pedal): Used to widen or narrow the base legs for stability.
- Hydraulic Pump Handle: The manual pump used to raise the person.
- Control Valve (or Pressure Release Knob): Used to slowly and gently lower the person.
- Slings: The fabric support that holds the person. They come in different types and sizes for various transfers.
Preparing for a Safe Transfer
Preparation is the most important step for a safe and smooth transfer. Never rush this process.
Pre-Transfer Checklist
- Assess the Person: Make sure the person is calm and understands the process. Never attempt to lift someone who is agitated, resistant, or combative.
- Inspect the Equipment: Check the lift for any visible damage, frayed straps, or loose bolts. Ensure the wheels roll smoothly. Always use the correct sling type and size for the person and task.
- Clear the Environment: Remove any obstacles from the path of the lift. Ensure the floor is dry and free of clutter.
- Position the Surfaces: Place the lift close to the bed or chair from which the transfer will begin. Lock the wheels of both the wheelchair and the lift before starting to lift.
Step-by-Step Guide for Bed-to-Chair Transfer
Follow these steps carefully for a transfer from a horizontal lying position to a seated position.
Step 1: Placing the Sling
- Raise the bed to a comfortable working height for you, and lower the side rails if necessary.
- Help the person roll onto their side, away from you. This can be easier if they bend the knee closest to you and you gently roll them.
- Fold the sling lengthwise and tuck it under the person's back, ensuring it is centered. The top edge should be at their shoulders and the bottom edge above their knees.
- Roll the person back onto their other side and pull the rest of the folded sling through so it lies flat under them, with no wrinkles.
- Roll the person onto their back and help them position their arms and legs comfortably.
Step 2: Attaching the Sling to the Lift
- Move the lift's base under the bed, ensuring the base legs are as wide as possible for maximum stability.
- Lower the boom until the sling bar is close enough to comfortably attach the sling loops.
- Attach the sling's shoulder loops to the upper hooks on the sling bar. Then, cross the leg loops between the person's legs and attach them to the hooks on the opposite sides to prevent slipping.
Step 3: Lifting the Person
- Double-check that all hooks are secure and the base legs are locked in their widest position.
- Close the control valve on the hydraulic pump by turning it clockwise, but do not overtighten.
- With a firm grip on the pump handle, begin pumping to slowly raise the person. Stop when they are just clear of the bed surface.
- Pause here to ensure the person is comfortable and the sling is secure before proceeding.
Step 4: Transferring and Lowering
- Unlock the lift's wheel locks. Use the steering handle to guide the person towards the destination chair, keeping them centered and facing you.
- Position the person directly over the seat of the chair, ensuring the chair's brakes are locked and leg rests are out of the way.
- Open the hydraulic control valve slowly by turning it counter-clockwise, no more than one full turn. The person will begin to lower gently into the chair.
- Once the person is securely seated, unhook the sling straps, and remove the sling from under them. You may need to gently roll them to do this.
Manual vs. Powered Hoyer Lifts
For many caregivers, choosing between a manual and powered lift is an important decision. Below is a comparison to help highlight the differences.
| Feature | Manual Hoyer Lift | Powered (Electric) Hoyer Lift |
|---|---|---|
| Lifting Mechanism | Uses a hydraulic hand pump operated by the caregiver. | Uses a battery-powered motor and a push-button control. |
| Speed of Lift | Slower and more controlled, determined by the caregiver's pumping speed. | Consistent, automated speed determined by the motor. |
| Effort Required | Requires physical effort from the caregiver to pump the handle. | Minimal physical effort required; press a button to operate. |
| Portability | Generally lighter and easier to transport, as they do not contain heavy batteries. | Heavier due to the motor and battery pack, making them less portable. |
| Power Source | Human power; not dependent on electricity or battery charge. | Requires a charged battery to function. Must monitor battery levels. |
| Emergency Features | None needed, as the hydraulic valve controls the lowering speed manually. | Includes an emergency release button for power failures or malfunctions. |
| Cost | Typically more affordable upfront. | Higher initial cost due to the electric components. |
Important Safety Precautions
- Do Not Push or Pull the Boom: Never use the boom to push or pull the lift, as this can cause it to tip over. Use the mast or steering handles instead.
- Always Widen the Base: Ensure the base legs are in their widest position before lifting to maximize stability.
- Maintain Communication: Explain every step of the process to the person being transferred, which builds trust and reduces anxiety.
- Lift Only Over Sturdy Surfaces: A hoyer lift is for transfer only, not for transport over long distances. Limit the person's time suspended in the lift.
- Center the Weight: The person's weight must always be centered over the base legs to prevent tipping.
Maintaining Your Manual Hoyer Lift
Regular maintenance is essential for safety and longevity. Follow the manufacturer's guidelines, and consider this general checklist.
- Monthly Inspections: Check all bolts, screws, and welded areas for tightness or cracks.
- Hydraulic Fluid: Monitor the hydraulic cylinder for leaks and ensure it operates smoothly. Report any issues to a professional.
- Sling Condition: Regularly inspect all slings for tears, fraying, and worn stitching. Replace damaged slings immediately.
- Caster Wheels: Ensure all four wheels spin freely and the wheel locks are fully functional.
Conclusion
By following these detailed steps, caregivers can master how to properly use a manual hoyer lift, providing a safer, more comfortable, and dignified transfer experience. Always prioritize patient comfort, maintain clear communication, and perform regular equipment checks to ensure optimal safety. With consistent practice and attention to detail, a manual hoyer lift becomes an invaluable tool for senior care, minimizing physical strain and protecting against injury. For further authoritative information on safe patient handling, visit the official site for the California Department of Social Services.
