Preparing to Use the Bedpan
Before assisting a patient, gather all necessary supplies to ensure a smooth and sanitary process. This preparation minimizes interruptions and maximizes patient comfort and dignity.
- Explain the procedure. Verbally explain each step to the patient to reduce anxiety and build trust.
- Ensure privacy. Close doors and curtains. Pull privacy screens if in a shared room.
- Gather supplies. You will need a clean flat bedpan, disposable gloves, an incontinence pad, toilet paper or wet wipes, a towel, and a receptacle for the soiled bedpan.
- Warm the bedpan. Run warm water over a plastic or metal bedpan to make the experience more comfortable for the patient, then dry it completely.
- Prepare the patient's area. Place a waterproof incontinence pad under the patient's buttocks to protect the bed linens from spills. Position the bed at a comfortable height for the caregiver to prevent back strain.
Proper Positioning for Placing the Bedpan
Correct positioning is crucial for both patient comfort and preventing spills. The technique varies depending on the patient's ability to move.
For Patients Who Can Lift Their Hips
- Bend knees: Ask the patient to bend their knees, with feet flat on the mattress.
- Raise hips: Instruct the patient to raise their hips. Gently support their lower back with one hand for light assistance, if needed.
- Slide bedpan: With your other hand, slide the flat bedpan underneath the patient's buttocks. The flat, tapered end of the fracture bedpan should face forward, and the handle should point backward.
- Lower onto pan: Guide the patient to gently lower their hips onto the bedpan. Raise the head of the bed to a semi-upright (semi-Fowler's) position to simulate a natural sitting posture.
For Patients Who Cannot Lift Their Hips
- Roll the patient: Gently roll the patient onto their side, away from you. Ensure they are secure and cannot fall.
- Position the pan: With the patient on their side, place the flat bedpan firmly against their buttocks.
- Roll onto the pan: Hold the bedpan securely in place with one hand, then gently roll the patient back onto their back and onto the pan. Check that the bedpan is centered and the tapered end is correctly positioned.
- Adjust the bed: Raise the head of the bed to a semi-sitting position using pillows or the bed's controls.
Providing Privacy and Assistance
Once the patient is safely positioned, ensure they are comfortable and have everything they need.
- Give privacy: Cover the patient with a blanket or sheet and, if safe, step away from the bedside to provide privacy.
- Offer supplies: Place toilet paper and a call light within easy reach.
- Monitor the patient: If the patient is frail or unsteady, do not leave them unattended.
How to Remove a Flat Bedpan and Clean Up
Removing the bedpan requires care to prevent spills and ensure hygiene.
- Lower the bed: Once the patient signals they are finished, lower the head of the bed to a flat position.
- Remove the pan: If the patient is able, have them raise their hips while you remove the bedpan. If not, gently roll them onto their side while holding the bedpan flat against their body to prevent spillage.
- Check for skin issues: After removal, visually inspect the patient's skin for any redness or signs of breakdown, particularly around the buttocks.
- Clean the patient: Assist with wiping as needed. For female patients, always wipe from front to back to prevent infection. Use moist wipes for a more thorough clean, and pat the area dry with a clean towel.
- Wash hands: Give the patient a wet wipe or hand sanitizer to clean their hands.
Comparison of Bedpan Types
Different types of bedpans serve different needs, and understanding the differences can help caregivers choose the best option for their patient.
| Feature | Flat (Fracture) Bedpan | Standard (Slipper) Bedpan |
|---|---|---|
| Profile | Low profile, tapered front | High back, saddle-shaped contour |
| Patient Mobility | Ideal for patients with limited hip movement, orthopedic conditions, or in traction | Suitable for patients who can lift their hips higher or sit up more easily |
| Placement | Slides easily under the buttocks with less lifting required | Requires the patient to raise their hips significantly higher for placement |
| Comfort | Less comfortable for some users due to the flat shape, but necessary for limited mobility | Generally more comfortable as it mimics a toilet seat, allowing better positioning |
| Spillage Risk | Features a built-in spill guard to minimize mess | Higher risk of spillage if not positioned correctly or if the patient shifts |
Cleaning and Sanitizing the Bedpan
Proper hygiene is essential for preventing infection. Follow these steps to clean a reusable bedpan.
- Don PPE: Put on new disposable gloves, and if necessary, an apron and eye protection to prevent splashing.
- Empty contents: Carefully empty the contents of the bedpan into the toilet or a designated sluice.
- Rinse thoroughly: Rinse the bedpan with warm water. Many hospital toilets have a spray nozzle for this purpose.
- Wash and disinfect: Scrub the bedpan with a designated brush, soap, and warm water. Use a hospital-grade disinfectant to sanitize, and rinse again with clean water.
- Dry and store: Dry the bedpan with a disposable towel and store it in a designated, clean area.
Conclusion
Using a flat bedpan effectively involves careful preparation, correct patient positioning, compassionate assistance, and meticulous clean-up. By following these steps, caregivers can ensure the process is as safe, comfortable, and dignified as possible for bedridden or immobile individuals. Explaining each step to the patient and maintaining privacy are key to building trust and minimizing embarrassment. Ultimately, mastery of this skill is a vital component of high-quality, patient-centered care.
Note: While bedpans are effective, alternatives like male or female urinals, or disposable products, may offer more comfort and convenience for specific situations. Always consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best options for your patient's specific needs.
