How to use bedpan for elderly at home?

Approximately one-third of adults over 65 have mobility limitations, making essential tasks like toileting challenging.

Knowing how to use bedpan for elderly at home is a crucial skill for caregivers, helping to maintain their loved one's dignity and comfort.

Quick Summary

Safely using a bedpan involves gathering supplies, ensuring privacy, and following a clear procedure for positioning, assisting, and thorough cleanup to promote comfort and hygiene for the patient.

Key Points

• Dignity First: Always ensure the patient's privacy and communicate clearly to minimize embarrassment.

• Two Placement Methods: Use the lift-and-slide technique for those who can assist and the side-roll for those with limited mobility.

• Gather Supplies in Advance: Have gloves, wipes, protective pads, and the bedpan ready before you start.

• Elevate for Comfort: Raise the head of the bed after placement to a semi-upright position to facilitate use.

• Prioritize Hygiene: Use a front-to-back wiping motion and thoroughly clean and disinfect the bedpan after each use.

• Use a Fracture Bedpan for Mobility Issues: These are specially designed to be easier to place under patients with hip fractures or reduced movement.

Preparing for Bedpan Use

Before beginning, proper preparation is key to ensuring the process is efficient, respectful, and hygienic for both you and your loved one. Gathering all necessary items prevents you from having to leave their side once you begin.

Supplies You Will Need

• Bedpan: Choose the right type for the individual's needs—standard for those who can lift their hips, or a fracture bedpan with a tapered front for those with limited mobility, hip fractures, or surgical recovery.
• Disposable gloves: Always wear a fresh pair of gloves to prevent the spread of germs.
• Protective pad: An absorbent, waterproof underpad, or 'chux,' placed beneath the patient protects the bed linens from spills.
• Wet wipes or warm, soapy washcloths: For cleaning the perineal area after use.
• Toilet paper: Keep a roll within easy reach for the patient if they can assist themselves.
• Blanket or sheet: A light blanket provides privacy and warmth.
• Disinfectant cleaner: For properly sanitizing the bedpan afterward.

Step-by-Step Guide for Bedpan Placement

There are two primary methods for placing a bedpan, depending on the senior's mobility. Always explain each step of the process calmly to the patient to manage expectations and reduce anxiety.

Method 1: The Lift-and-Slide Technique

This method is suitable for individuals who can bend their knees and lift their hips slightly.

1. Prepare the patient: Lower the head of the bed until it is flat or near-flat, if possible. Help the patient bend their knees and place their feet flat on the bed.
2. Position the bedpan: Place the bedpan close to one hip. The wide, flat end of the bedpan should be under the buttocks, pointing towards the head of the bed.
3. Assist with lifting: Place one hand under the patient's lower back to support their hips. With your other hand, slide the bedpan into place as they lift their hips. You can also use a small lift sheet to help raise their hips.
4. Settle and elevate: Gently help them lower their hips onto the bedpan. Once they are securely in place, raise the head of the bed to a semi-upright position. A pillow behind their back can provide additional support, making it easier to go to the bathroom.

Method 2: The Side-Roll Technique

Use this technique for patients who cannot lift their hips due to frailty, pain, or post-operative conditions.

1. Position for rolling: With the head of the bed flat, turn the patient gently onto their side, facing away from you. Ensure they are stable and secure.
2. Place the bedpan: Place the bedpan firmly against their buttocks. The tapered front of a fracture bedpan should face forward, positioned between their legs. Ensure the protective pad is securely under them.
3. Roll back and position: Roll the patient back onto their back, directly over the bedpan. Their buttocks should rest firmly on the bedpan. Raise the head of the bed to a comfortable position for use.

Providing Comfort and Privacy

Respecting your loved one's dignity is paramount throughout the process. Here's how to make the experience as comfortable as possible:

• Privacy: Close the door and pull the curtain to ensure the patient feels a sense of privacy.
• Communication: Announce what you are doing before you do it. Check in with them to ensure they are comfortable and do not feel exposed.
• Leave them be: If it's safe to do so, leave the room for a few minutes to give them privacy. Ensure the call bell is within easy reach so they can signal when they are done.

Post-Use Hygiene and Cleanup

After your loved one has finished, follow these steps for a clean and sanitary process.

1. Lower the bed: Slowly lower the head of the bed back to a flat or near-flat position.
2. Remove the bedpan: Gently roll the patient to the side, holding the bedpan firmly against their hip to prevent spills. Carefully slide the bedpan out from underneath them.
3. Clean the patient: Using toilet paper and wipes or a warm washcloth, clean the patient's perineal area thoroughly, wiping from front to back to prevent infection. Pat the area dry. Remove the soiled underpad.
4. Dispose of waste: Carry the bedpan to the bathroom and empty the contents into the toilet. Do not flush any liners or solid pads.
5. Clean the equipment: Rinse the bedpan with cool water to prevent odors from setting in. Then, wash it with warm, soapy water and a brush. For a more thorough disinfection, consider using a specialized bedpan cleaning solution. Dry it thoroughly before storing.

Bedpan Comparison Table

Feature	Standard Bedpan	Fracture Bedpan
Shape	Rounded and oval, resembling a standard toilet seat.	Tapered and flatter at one end for easier insertion.
Best For	Patients who can sit up and lift their hips with some assistance.	Patients with hip fractures, post-surgery, or very limited mobility.
Comfort	Can be uncomfortable or cause pressure points for those who cannot move.	Designed to minimize movement and pressure on sensitive areas.
Ease of Use	Requires more lifting from the caregiver and patient cooperation.	Simpler placement method using the side-roll technique.
Capacity	Typically higher due to the deeper, bowl-like design.	May have a slightly lower capacity due to its flatter profile.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Difficulty with bowel movements: The semi-upright position is crucial for bowel movements. A footstool placed at the end of the bed can also help replicate the natural squatting position.
• Skin irritation: Ensure thorough cleaning and drying after each use. Consider using a barrier cream to protect the skin from moisture.
• Spills and leaks: Ensure the bedpan is centered and the patient's weight is evenly distributed. Using liners with absorbent pads can also help contain messes.

Conclusion

Using a bedpan for an elderly loved one at home requires patience, empathy, and the right technique. By following these steps for preparation, placement, and cleanup, you can ensure your loved one's needs are met with dignity and care. Proper use of a bedpan is a vital skill that helps maintain a safe and hygienic environment, promoting a higher quality of life for those with limited mobility. For more authoritative resources on senior health and hygiene, consider visiting the Mayo Clinic's caregiver information page.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a bedpan be used for both urination and bowel movements?

Yes, a bedpan is designed to collect both urine and feces. It is a versatile tool for managing toileting needs for bedridden individuals.

What if the elderly person cannot lift their hips at all?

If they cannot lift their hips, use the side-roll technique. Gently roll them onto their side, place the bedpan against their buttocks, and then roll them back over onto it.

How can I prevent spills when removing the bedpan?

To prevent spills, hold the bedpan firmly and keep it level as you carefully slide it out. Using bedpan liners with absorbent pads can also minimize the risk of splashing.

What is the best way to clean the bedpan after use?

First, empty the contents into the toilet. Rinse the bedpan with cool water, then wash with warm, soapy water. Use a dedicated cleaning brush and a disinfectant for thorough sanitation. Dry completely before storing.

Should I warm the bedpan before placing it?

Warming a plastic bedpan with a little warm water can make it more comfortable for the patient, especially in colder environments. Just be sure it's not too hot and that the excess water is dumped out.

How can I reduce the odor associated with bedpan use?

Promptly empty and clean the bedpan after use. Using bedpan liners with absorbent pads that trap odors, or adding a few drops of odor-neutralizing fluid, can also help.

What if the patient feels embarrassed or uncomfortable?

Reassure them and approach the task with a calm, matter-of-fact attitude. Protect their privacy with blankets and ensure they know it is a normal part of caregiving. Clear and respectful communication is essential.