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Which of the following types of memory shows the greatest age-related declines?

According to scientific literature, approximately 40% of people aged 65 and older experience some form of memory loss. While this is a normal part of aging, studies show that certain types of memory are far more susceptible to decline than others. So, to answer the question, "Which of the following types of memory shows the greatest age-related declines?", one must consider the specific memory system being tested, with episodic memory being the most vulnerable.