Step 1: Preparation and Resident Communication
Before you begin the physical process of assisting a resident with a bedpan, thorough preparation is crucial. The first step involves gathering all necessary supplies, ensuring the resident’s privacy, and communicating clearly with them about the procedure. This communication is vital for maintaining the resident’s dignity and securing their cooperation.
Gather Necessary Supplies
To ensure a smooth process, have the following items readily available:
- A clean bedpan (or fracture pan)
- Disposable, clean gloves (plan for a second pair for cleanup)
- A waterproof pad or 'chucks' to protect the bed linens
- Toilet paper and/or pre-moistened wipes
- A bath blanket or towel for privacy
- Hand sanitizer or a basin with warm water and soap for resident hand hygiene
- The resident's call light placed within their reach
Perform Opening Procedures and Ensure Privacy
- Knock before entering the resident's room.
- Introduce yourself and explain the procedure simply and respectfully.
- Lock the bed wheels for safety and raise the bed to a comfortable working height to prevent caregiver back strain.
- Close the door or pull the privacy curtain to provide confidentiality.
Step 2: Positioning the Bedpan Correctly
Proper placement of the bedpan is the most important step for resident comfort and preventing spills. The technique you use depends on the resident’s mobility. If the resident can assist, you can have them lift their hips. If they are immobile, you will use the side-lying technique.
For Residents Who Can Assist
- Lower the head of the bed slightly to help them get into a position to lift their hips.
- Ask the resident to bend their knees with their feet flat on the mattress.
- Place the waterproof pad under their buttocks and hips.
- Instruct the resident to lift their hips on the count of three while you place the bedpan underneath. The curved edge of a standard bedpan should face their back.
- Raise the head of the bed to a semi-Fowler's position (30 to 45 degrees) to mimic a natural sitting posture.
For Immobile Residents (Side-Lying Technique)
- Position the resident on their side, facing away from you. Bend the leg nearest you to provide stability.
- Place the waterproof pad and then the bedpan firmly against their buttocks. The wider, rounded rim of a standard bedpan should align with their buttocks, while a fracture pan's flat side goes under the buttocks.
- Gently roll the resident back onto their back, holding the bedpan in place to ensure it is centered.
- Raise the head of the bed to a comfortable semi-Fowler's position.
Step 3: Providing Privacy and Monitoring
Once the resident is properly positioned, it is important to provide privacy and ensure they have everything they need. This promotes a sense of dignity and independence. This phase should not extend for a prolonged period, as prolonged pressure can lead to skin breakdown.
- Give them privacy: Cover them with a bath blanket or the top sheet. Place the toilet paper and any wipes or washcloths within their easy reach.
- Provide the call light: Always place the call light within the resident's reach and remind them to use it when they are finished.
- Leave the room briefly: Allow the resident a few minutes of privacy. For residents who are weak or at risk of falling, remain nearby but out of their direct line of sight.
Step 4: Removing the Bedpan and Post-Care
After the resident has finished, the final step is a careful and hygienic removal of the bedpan and ensuring the resident is clean and comfortable.
- Return promptly when the resident uses the call light or after a short time.
- Perform hand hygiene and don new gloves.
- Lower the head of the bed and assist the resident in rolling off the bedpan or lifting their hips as before.
- Carefully remove the bedpan, keeping it level to prevent spills, and cover it with a towel.
- Provide perineal care: Assist the resident with wiping from front to back to prevent infection. Use a disposable washcloth to dry the area thoroughly.
- Empty and clean the bedpan: Take the covered bedpan to the bathroom, empty the contents into the toilet, rinse it with cold water, and clean it according to facility policy.
- Ensure resident comfort: Reposition the resident in bed, ensuring no wrinkles are in the bedding. Place the call light within reach and return the bed to a low, locked position.
- Dispose of gloves and perform final hand hygiene. Record any relevant observations or measurements, such as intake and output.
Comparison of Bedpan Types
Understanding the differences between a standard bedpan and a fracture pan is essential for selecting the right tool for the resident’s needs. Using the wrong type can cause discomfort or injury.
| Feature | Standard Bedpan | Fracture Pan |
|---|---|---|
| Shape | Rounded, high sides, similar to a traditional toilet seat | Flatter, wedge-shaped with a handle at one end |
| Resident Mobility | Used for residents who can lift their hips or roll onto their side with assistance | Used for residents with limited hip mobility, such as those with hip fractures or back injuries |
| Placement | Placed with the wider, rounded end under the buttocks | Inserted with the flat, tapered end under the buttocks and the handle pointed toward the resident’s feet |
| Comfort Level | Can be less comfortable for residents with limited movement due to the higher sides | The lower profile makes it easier and less painful for residents to get onto, especially after injury or surgery |
Conclusion
Giving a bedpan is a fundamental caregiving task that requires a professional and compassionate approach. By following the four-step process of preparation, careful positioning, providing privacy, and proper post-care, caregivers can ensure the resident’s comfort and dignity are maintained. Always remember to prioritize the resident's needs, communicate clearly, and follow safety protocols to make the experience as seamless and respectful as possible.
Key Takeaways
- Prepare thoroughly: Gather all supplies like a bedpan, gloves, and protective pads before entering the room.
- Communicate clearly: Always explain the procedure to the resident to maintain their dignity and cooperation.
- Use the correct positioning technique: Choose between the side-lying or hip-lifting method based on the resident's mobility to ensure comfort and safety.
- Prioritize privacy and safety: Use a bath blanket, place the call light within reach, and lower the bed to a safe height after use.
- Ensure meticulous cleanup: After removal, provide perineal care, empty the bedpan hygienically, and perform hand hygiene.
FAQs
Q: What if the resident cannot help lift their hips at all? A: If a resident is immobile, use the side-lying technique. Gently roll them away from you, position the bedpan, and then roll them back onto it, holding the pan securely.
Q: How do I ensure the bedpan is centered correctly? A: When assisting an immobile resident, hold the bedpan firmly against their buttocks as you roll them onto their back. For a resident who can lift their hips, slide the bedpan under them while they are raised, then ask them to settle down gently.
Q: How long should a resident be left on a bedpan? A: A resident should not be left on a bedpan for longer than necessary for elimination, as prolonged use can increase the risk of skin breakdown and pressure ulcers.
Q: What is a fracture pan and when should it be used? A: A fracture pan is flatter and easier to slide under a resident with limited hip mobility, such as those recovering from hip fractures or surgery. It is positioned with the flat end under the resident and the handle facing the foot of the bed.
Q: What is the proper way to provide perineal care for a female resident? A: Always wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from the rectal area from entering the urethra and causing a urinary tract infection.
Q: How do I empty and clean the bedpan after use? A: Take the covered bedpan to the toilet, empty the contents, and rinse the bedpan with cold water. Clean and sanitize it according to facility protocols before returning it to its proper storage area.
Q: What should I document after the procedure? A: Document the resident's tolerance of the procedure, as well as the amount and characteristics (color, consistency) of any urine or stool.
