Demystifying Dentures: The Correct Term for False Teeth
While many people colloquially use the phrase “fake teeth,” the correct dental term is dentures. Dentures are removable prosthetic devices that replace missing teeth and the surrounding gum tissue. For older adults, dentures are a common and effective solution for restoring the ability to chew and speak properly, as well as for improving the facial structure that can be affected by tooth loss. However, the world of modern dentistry offers more than just traditional removable dentures, providing seniors with several options to fit their specific needs and lifestyle.
Types of Dentures for Seniors
Dentures are not one-size-fits-all; they are custom-made to fit each patient's mouth perfectly. The type of denture recommended depends on how many teeth are missing and the overall health of the patient's gums and jawbone.
Full Dentures
Full dentures, also known as complete dentures, are used when all of the teeth in an upper or lower arch are missing. They consist of a gum-colored acrylic base and a full set of artificial teeth. Full dentures stay in place through suction and sometimes with the help of a denture adhesive. The conventional type is made after the gums have healed completely from any extractions, while immediate dentures are made in advance and can be worn immediately after teeth are removed, serving as a temporary set during the healing process.
Partial Dentures
For individuals who still have some healthy natural teeth, partial dentures are an excellent choice. They consist of replacement teeth attached to a gum-colored plastic base, which is connected to a metal framework with clasps that hold onto the remaining natural teeth for support. Partial dentures prevent the remaining natural teeth from shifting position and fill the gaps, which helps with chewing and speaking.
Implant-Supported Dentures
This type of denture offers increased stability and comfort. Instead of resting on the gums, implant-supported dentures are secured to dental implants—small titanium posts that are surgically placed into the jawbone. These are sometimes called "snap-in" dentures because they securely snap onto the implants. This option is permanent or removable depending on the specific design and provides a far more stable feel than traditional dentures, as they do not shift or slip.
Dentures vs. Other Tooth Replacement Options
While dentures are a popular and affordable option, it's important to understand the alternatives. Other options like dental implants or bridges may be more suitable for some individuals, depending on their budget, bone density, and desire for a permanent solution.
| Feature | Dentures (Removable) | Dental Implants (Permanent) | Dental Bridges (Fixed) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | Typically more affordable | Higher initial cost | Mid-range cost |
| Invasiveness | Non-surgical | Surgical placement required | Non-surgical, but requires alteration of adjacent teeth |
| Stability | May shift or slip; requires adhesive | Highly stable and secure | Stable, fixed to existing teeth |
| Longevity | Typically 7–10 years, requires relining | Can last a lifetime with proper care | Can last many years with good hygiene |
| Care | Removable for cleaning, soaking | Requires regular brushing and flossing like natural teeth | Requires diligent cleaning under and around the bridge |
| Bone Preservation | Does not stimulate jawbone; bone loss may occur | Stimulates jawbone, preventing bone loss | Does not stimulate bone beneath the bridge |
Benefits of Choosing Dentures
Dentures continue to be a top choice for many seniors due to their numerous benefits.
- Improved Appearance and Confidence: Dentures can restore a natural-looking smile, improving facial aesthetics and boosting self-esteem.
- Enhanced Function: They significantly improve the ability to chew food and speak clearly, which can be difficult with missing teeth.
- Affordability: Compared to other tooth replacement options like implants, traditional dentures are more cost-effective.
- Non-Invasive: The process for getting traditional dentures is not surgical, making it a lower-risk option for some individuals.
- Versatile: With different types available, dentures can solve a range of tooth loss problems, from a few missing teeth to an entire arch.
What to Expect When Getting Dentures
For many, the process of getting dentures begins with a consultation with a dentist to determine the best treatment plan.
- Impressions and Models: The dentist will take precise measurements and impressions of your mouth to create a custom model.
- Extractions: If any remaining teeth need to be removed, this will happen first. Immediate dentures can be placed on the same day as the extractions.
- Healing Period: For conventional dentures, there is a healing period of several weeks after extractions before the final set is fitted.
- Fittings and Adjustments: The final dentures are fitted and adjusted for a perfect, comfortable fit.
- Adjustment Period: It is normal to feel awkward at first. Your mouth, tongue, and facial muscles will need time to adapt to the new appliance. Regular follow-up appointments may be needed for adjustments as your mouth changes over time.
Taking Care of Dentures and Your Oral Health
Proper care is crucial for the longevity of your dentures and for maintaining good oral health.
- Clean Daily: Brush your dentures every day using a soft-bristled brush and a non-abrasive denture cleaner to remove plaque and food particles.
- Soak Overnight: Removable dentures should be taken out and soaked overnight in a special denture-cleansing solution to keep them moist and clean.
- Clean Your Mouth: Don't forget to brush your gums, tongue, and any remaining natural teeth each day to maintain oral hygiene.
- Handle with Care: Always handle your dentures with care and place a towel down in the sink when cleaning them to prevent breakage if they are dropped.
- Regular Dental Visits: Continue to see your dentist regularly. They can inspect your mouth for changes and ensure your dentures still fit properly, as your jawbone and gums can change over time. For more detailed information on dental hygiene, consider visiting the American Dental Association website.
Conclusion: Choosing the Right Option for Your Smile
For elderly people, the terms used for replacement teeth range from the informal “fake teeth” to the formal and accurate term, dentures. Within this category, options vary significantly, from removable full or partial dentures to highly stable implant-supported devices. Choosing the right solution involves considering factors like budget, health, and desired level of stability. Consulting with a dentist is the best way to determine the most suitable option for restoring your smile, improving oral function, and enhancing your overall quality of life.
