Understanding the Word 'Septuagenarian'
The term septuagenarian refers to a person who is between 70 and 79 years old, inclusive. It is both a noun and an adjective, and its use is considered precise and formal. While you might not hear this word in casual conversation, it is frequently used in written articles, medical reports, and other official documents.
The Latin Origins of Age-Based Words
Many words used to describe age decades, including septuagenarian, have Latin roots. The prefix comes from septuaginta, the Latin word for seventy. The -"arian" suffix is a common English suffix that denotes a person who belongs to a certain class, belief, or is of a certain age. Knowing this can help you understand and remember the terms for other age decades as well.
Common Alternatives and Informal Terms
While septuagenarian is the technically correct word, it's not always the most practical for everyday use. Most people opt for more common and less formal phrases when speaking. Some common alternatives include:
- Seventy-something: This informal, casual phrase is widely understood and used.
- Person in their seventies: A straightforward, descriptive phrase that is polite and clear.
- Senior or Senior citizen: These are broad, polite terms that can apply to anyone who is considered elderly, typically over the age of 60 or 65, including those in their seventies.
Age-Based Terminology by Decade
The pattern seen with septuagenarian extends across many decades of a person's life. Understanding these terms can provide a fuller vocabulary for describing age precisely. The list below shows the proper words for each decade, many of which share the same Latin-based root structure.
- Denarian: A person between 10 and 19 years old.
- Vicenarian: A person between 20 and 29 years old.
- Tricenarian: A person between 30 and 39 years old.
- Quadragenarian: A person between 40 and 49 years old.
- Quinquagenarian: A person between 50 and 59 years old.
- Sexagenarian: A person between 60 and 69 years old.
- Septuagenarian: A person between 70 and 79 years old.
- Octogenarian: A person between 80 and 89 years old.
- Nonagenarian: A person between 90 and 99 years old.
- Centenarian: A person 100 years old or older.
A Comparison of Formal vs. Informal Age Terms
The table below contrasts the formal, Latin-derived terms with the more commonly used, informal language for different age decades.
| Age Range | Formal Term | Informal/Common Usage |
|---|---|---|
| 50–59 | Quinquagenarian | Fifties-something, a person in their fifties |
| 60–69 | Sexagenarian | Sixties-something, a person in their sixties |
| 70–79 | Septuagenarian | Seventy-something, a person in their seventies |
| 80–89 | Octogenarian | Eighty-something, a person in their eighties |
| 90–99 | Nonagenarian | Ninety-something, a person in their nineties |
The Appropriateness of Terminology
Using the correct age-related term often depends on the context and audience. Formal terms like septuagenarian are most appropriate in a professional or academic setting, where precision is valued. However, in everyday conversation, these words can sound overly academic or stiff.
It is always wise to consider what language a person prefers for themselves. While some individuals may embrace specific labels, others might find them alienating. The safest and most respectful approach is to use neutral language or to simply refer to the person's age decade if necessary. For instance, 'my grandfather, who is in his seventies,' is a common and respectful way to phrase it.
The Use of 'Senior' and 'Elderly'
General terms like 'senior' or 'senior citizen' are broadly accepted ways to refer to older individuals, particularly in contexts like discounts, community programs, or housing. The word 'elderly' can sometimes carry negative connotations and should be used with caution, as perception varies widely. When in doubt, more neutral language is the best practice.
Conclusion
In summary, while the definitive and specific word for a person in their 70s is a septuagenarian, its use is largely confined to formal contexts. The term's Latin roots connect it to a wider system of age-decade nomenclature. In casual conversation, more descriptive and informal phrases like "seventy-something" are much more common. The choice of terminology often comes down to context and respect for the individual being described. For further insights into the origins of English words, consulting a resource like the Online Etymology Dictionary can be very helpful.
Key Takeaways
- Formal Term: The formal word for a person aged 70-79 is a septuagenarian.
- Latin Root: This term is derived from the Latin word septuaginta, meaning seventy.
- Informal Alternatives: More casual and common terms include 'seventy-something' or 'a person in their seventies'.
- Context is Key: The choice between a formal or informal term depends on the specific social or professional situation.
- Respectful Language: Neutral phrases are often preferred, as perceptions of age-related labels can differ.
