GPS Tracking Devices
One of the most effective technological interventions for elopement is the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking devices. These devices, available in various forms, provide real-time location tracking, which is invaluable in a wandering incident. By allowing caregivers to know a person's precise location, they dramatically reduce search times and improve the chances of a safe return.
Types of GPS trackers
- Wearable GPS Watches and Pendants: Many devices are designed to look like regular accessories, such as watches, to minimize stigma. They are often equipped with features like SOS buttons and two-way communication.
- Shoe Inserts (GPS SmartSoles): For individuals who may resist wearing a watch or bracelet, discreet shoe inserts provide a hidden tracking solution. The device is placed in the shoe, ensuring it is always with the wearer when they are outside.
- Clip-On or Portable Devices: Small, durable trackers can be clipped onto clothing, backpacks, or keychains. Some models, like AngelSense, are specifically designed for children with special needs and include sensory-friendly wearing sleeves and non-removable features.
Key features of modern GPS trackers
Most advanced GPS trackers include 'geofencing' capabilities, which allow caregivers to set virtual boundaries around a safe area, such as a home or a park. If the tracked individual crosses this boundary, the caregiver receives an instant alert via a smartphone app, enabling a prompt response. Many devices also offer long battery life and an accompanying app for easy monitoring.
Environmental Alarms and Sensors
For a more localized approach, environmental alarms and sensors provide immediate alerts when a person attempts to exit a designated safe space. These technologies are foundational to elopement prevention strategies in both homes and institutional settings.
Common environmental safeguards
- Door and Window Alarms: These are simple but effective devices that trigger an audible alert when a door or window is opened. They range from basic magnetic alarms to more sophisticated wireless systems that send alerts to a caregiver's phone.
- Bed and Chair Alarms: Pressure-sensitive pads placed under mattresses or chair cushions can alert caregivers when an individual gets up. This is particularly useful for monitoring individuals who may wander at night.
- Motion Detectors: Motion sensors can be placed near exits or in hallways to detect movement and notify caregivers. Smart home systems can integrate these sensors with other devices, such as lighting, to create automated safety protocols.
Comparison Table: GPS Tracking vs. Environmental Alarms
| Feature | GPS Tracking Devices | Environmental Alarms & Sensors |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Function | Provides real-time location tracking for recovery | Provides immediate alerts to prevent an elopement from starting |
| Range | Unlimited, dependent on cellular or satellite service | Limited to a confined indoor space or property perimeter |
| Cost | Often requires a higher initial cost and ongoing monthly subscription fees | Generally lower one-time purchase cost with no monthly fees |
| Best For | Active individuals who leave the premises or those requiring outdoor monitoring | Individuals prone to exiting the home or facility and those needing indoor supervision |
| Discreetness | Can be very discreet (watches, shoe inserts) or worn visibly | Integrated into the environment (doors, beds) and less noticeable to the wearer |
| Tamper-Resistance | Some wearables are designed to be difficult to remove | Prone to being disabled or bypassed by a determined individual |
Comprehensive Wander Management Systems
For larger facilities like hospitals, memory care units, and senior living communities, comprehensive wander management systems integrate multiple technologies to create a layered security approach. These systems prioritize resident safety while allowing for dignified independence.
Integrated system components
- Wearable Transmitters: Residents wear discreet wristbands, pendants, or ankle bands with embedded RFID or wireless technology.
- Exit Monitors and Door Locks: Strategically placed sensors at exits are triggered when a resident with a transmitter approaches, alerting staff and, in some cases, automatically locking the door.
- Real-Time Location Tracking (RTLS): In-facility systems can track residents' movements on a digital map, allowing staff to quickly locate and respond to a wandering event.
- Integration with Nurse Call and Security Systems: For a seamless response, these systems can be linked to a facility's existing infrastructure, sending alerts to staff pagers or mobile devices.
Other Safety Tools and Considerations
Beyond alarms and tracking, several other technological and non-technological strategies contribute to a robust elopement prevention plan. Using a combination of tools often provides the most comprehensive solution.
Supplemental aids
- Visual Prompts: Applying 'Stop Sign' decals to doors and windows can be an effective behavioral deterrent for some individuals, particularly those with cognitive impairments or autism.
- Medical ID Bracelets: While not technology, pairing identification bracelets with tracking devices ensures that if a person is found without their tech, first responders have critical information like their name, address, and condition.
- Smart Home Automation: Devices like smart locks, which can be controlled via a smartphone app, provide an additional layer of home security. Connected cameras also offer visual monitoring.
- Emergency Contact Services: Some GPS trackers offer integration with emergency services, allowing the user to initiate contact with a 24/7 monitoring team with the press of a button.
The importance of layered security
For optimal safety, it is recommended to use multiple types of technology in conjunction with a clear safety plan and trained caregivers. A geofence-enabled GPS tracker, for example, can be paired with door and window alarms to provide both proactive prevention within the home and reactive recovery if an exit occurs.
Conclusion
Technologies available today offer a powerful and multifaceted approach to answering the question of what technologies can help prevent elopement. From discreet GPS trackers that provide reassurance for outdoor activities to environmental alarms that secure the home, these tools empower caregivers and provide enhanced safety for vulnerable individuals. By carefully assessing the individual's needs and selecting a combination of suitable devices, a comprehensive safety net can be established that promotes independence while mitigating risks. Ultimately, the best solution combines technology with consistent supervision and a well-thought-out safety plan, providing true peace of mind.
