The First Line of Defense: Informal Support Networks
Often, the most immediate help for an elderly person comes from those closest to them. An informal support network is a valuable and proactive way to ensure a senior's safety and continued engagement.
Family and Friends
Consistent communication from loved ones can make a significant difference. Regular phone calls, video chats, and in-person visits not only combat loneliness but also provide an opportunity to notice subtle changes in an elder's health or living situation. For family members who live far away, coordinating a rotating check-in schedule can be an effective strategy.
Neighbors and Community Members
Neighbors and close community members can be invaluable resources, serving as local eyes and ears. They can help with small tasks, keep an eye out for unusual activity, and provide a familiar face and conversation. Establishing a simple, informal system where a neighbor agrees to check in daily or weekly can be a great way to provide a safety net.
Formal Routes for Requesting a Welfare Check
When an informal check is not possible or raises serious concerns, more formal action may be required. This is particularly important if you haven't been able to reach an elderly person and fear for their safety.
Local Law Enforcement (Police Welfare Check)
Local police can conduct an official welfare or wellness check at an individual’s residence if you have a reasonable belief that they may be in danger. This is a crucial step if an elderly person hasn't answered their phone or door for an unusual amount of time.
To request a police welfare check:
- Call the non-emergency line. For non-immediate threats, use the local police department's non-emergency number to request the check. Use 911 only in an apparent emergency.
- Provide detailed information. Give the dispatcher the person's name, address, and any known medical conditions or vulnerabilities. Explain why you are concerned.
- Explain the situation. Describe the last time you saw or spoke to the person and the specific reasons for your concern.
Adult Protective Services (APS)
For situations involving potential neglect, exploitation, or abuse—including self-neglect—Adult Protective Services is the proper authority. APS agencies investigate and provide services to at-risk adults. They are trained to assess the situation and determine the appropriate response.
When to Involve Adult Protective Services (APS)
Knowing when to contact APS is crucial for protecting vulnerable adults. Unlike a police welfare check, which is a single event, an APS investigation addresses ongoing issues.
Signs that may warrant an APS report:
- Signs of neglect, such as malnutrition, poor hygiene, or unaddressed medical needs.
- Unsafe living conditions, including a home that is excessively cluttered, dirty, or lacks proper heating/cooling.
- Financial exploitation, such as unexplained transfers of money or new, unauthorized accounts.
- Physical, emotional, or sexual abuse.
- Sudden withdrawal from social contact or unusual fear.
To report suspected elder abuse or neglect, locate your state's specific APS contact information. Many states have a centralized hotline for reporting.
Professional and Volunteer Check-In Services
Beyond official authorities, various organizations offer proactive services for regular check-ins.
- Aging and Disability Resource Centers (ADRCs): These centers can connect you to resources like options counseling, which can include regular check-ins and support for long-term care planning.
- Volunteer programs: Local charities and senior centers often have volunteer programs where individuals make regular phone calls or visits to elderly community members. This can provide both social connection and a safety check.
- Professional caregiving agencies: Hiring a professional home care agency ensures that a trained caregiver will provide regular, scheduled check-ins, assist with daily tasks, and report any concerns. While this is a paid service, it offers a consistent and reliable solution.
The Role of Technology in Monitoring Seniors
Technology offers modern solutions for monitoring and checking on seniors, supplementing in-person contact.
Smart Home Monitoring
Smart sensors can track motion, door openings, and even stove usage, providing a non-intrusive way to ensure daily routines are being maintained. Alerts can be sent to family members if an unusual pattern is detected, such as no movement by a certain time of day.
Personal Emergency Response Systems (PERS)
These systems, often featuring a button worn as a pendant or bracelet, provide a direct link to emergency services. In case of a fall or other emergency, the individual can press the button for immediate help.
Medication Dispensers
Automated medication dispensers help ensure that an elderly person takes their medication correctly. Some systems alert family members if a dose is missed, providing an extra layer of oversight.
A Comparison of Check-In Options
Choosing the right option for who can check on an elderly person depends on the urgency and nature of the concern. The table below outlines key differences.
| Feature | Informal Network (Family/Neighbors) | Police Welfare Check | Adult Protective Services (APS) | Professional Caregiver | Community Volunteer Program |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urgency | Low to moderate | High (sudden loss of contact) | Moderate to high (suspected abuse/neglect) | Regular, scheduled | Low to moderate |
| Scope | Social, basic needs | Immediate safety check | Investigation, ongoing support | Comprehensive daily care | Social, companionship |
| Initiated By | Anyone in the network | Concerned individual | Report by anyone | Hiring family/individual | Enrollment by senior or family |
| Response | Varies | Dispatch officer | Investigation, home visit | Scheduled visits | Scheduled calls/visits |
| Cost | Free | Free | Free | Paid | Free |
Creating a Proactive Plan
Waiting for a crisis is not a strategy. Being proactive is the best way to ensure an elderly person's safety and well-being.
- Assess the individual's needs. Consider their health, mobility, and social activity to determine the level of oversight required.
- Establish a formal and informal system. Combine regular calls from family with a check-in routine from a trusted neighbor.
- Utilize technology. Equip the person with a PERS or smart monitoring devices for added security.
- Know the resources. Have the contact information for APS, the local police non-emergency line, and relevant community agencies readily available.
For more information on recognizing and reporting potential issues, the Maryland Department of Aging provides excellent resources on topics like financial exploitation, which can be a key sign of a vulnerable senior. You can find information at https://aging.maryland.gov/pages/elder-financial-exploitation.aspx.
Conclusion
Multiple people and organizations can and should check on an elderly person, from family and friends to professional caregivers and government agencies. By combining a network of informal support with the knowledge of formal resources, you can create a comprehensive safety net that helps seniors age with dignity and security. The key is to be proactive and informed, ensuring that help is available when it's needed most.
