Why Calling People "Geriatrics" Is Inaccurate and Problematic
Many people use the term “geriatrics” as a casual, though often misguided, synonym for older people. However, this usage is inaccurate and, in many contexts, disrespectful. The term is not a description of a person but rather refers to a specific branch of medicine. This distinction is crucial for understanding why it is inappropriate.
The Medical Definition of Geriatrics
Geriatrics is the medical specialty that focuses on the health care of older adults. This includes the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease and disability in this age group. A physician who specializes in this field is called a geriatrician. The term itself has a Latin and Greek origin, combining geron (old man) and iatros (healer). The proper use of the term is therefore in a medical or clinical context, referring to the practice of medicine itself, not the patient.
The Negative Connotations of Misusing the Term
When applied to an individual or a group of people, the word "geriatric" can carry negative baggage. Some dictionaries define the term, when used to describe a person, as old, obsolete, worn out, or useless, noting that this usage is often informal and offensive. This casual usage perpetuates ageism by reducing an individual to their age and any perceived physical or mental decline. Reputable organizations like the National Institute on Aging explicitly advise against using the term to describe individuals or groups of people.
By incorrectly labeling someone as a “geriatric,” you ignore the person's unique life experience, individuality, and health status. Not all older adults are frail or in poor health; in fact, many are active and vibrant, and it's essential to use language that reflects this diversity rather than relying on harmful stereotypes.
Understanding the Difference: Geriatrics vs. Gerontology
To further clarify why "geriatrics" is not the correct term for a person, it is helpful to understand its relationship to gerontology. While the terms are related, they describe different concepts entirely:
- Geriatrics: A medical specialty focused on the health needs and care of older adults.
- Gerontology: A broad, multidisciplinary field dedicated to the scientific study of aging. It examines the social, psychological, and biological changes that occur as people grow older.
This distinction highlights that while one field studies the process of aging broadly, the other focuses specifically on medical treatment, and neither term should be used to describe people themselves.
Preferred, Respectful Alternatives to Use
Choosing respectful and person-centered language is a simple but powerful way to avoid ageism. Medical and academic institutions, along with organizations like the National Institute on Aging, recommend using alternative terms such as:
- Older adults
- Older people
- People over 65 (or another specific age)
- Person in their later years
When speaking of an individual, it is best to be as specific as possible. For example, instead of “the elderly woman,” one could say “the woman who is 89 years old” or simply use their name. This approach respects the individual and avoids broad, often inaccurate, generalizations.
A Comparative Look at Aging Terminology
| Term | Description | Appropriate Context | Inappropriate Context |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geriatrics | A medical specialty. | Clinical and medical discussion. | To describe individuals. |
| Gerontology | The scientific study of aging. | Academic and research discussion. | To describe individuals. |
| Older Adults | A neutral, respectful term. | General and formal communication. | None, widely accepted. |
| Elderly | An age descriptor, sometimes perceived as a negative stereotype. | Sometimes used in research, but with caution. | Casual, conversational use; potentially ageist. |
| Seniors/Senior Citizen | Terminology with varying cultural connotations. | Use only if an individual prefers it; often used in marketing. | Casual, generalizing use; can be seen as dated or condescending. |
The Impact of Language on Perceptions of Aging
The words we use profoundly shape our perceptions. Using ageist language can reinforce negative stereotypes and contribute to poorer health outcomes for older people. Research has shown that ageism is associated with poorer physical and mental health, reduced quality of life, and even earlier death. Conversely, using respectful and inclusive language can foster a more positive attitude toward aging for people of all ages.
By consciously choosing our words, we challenge the narrative that views aging as a problem to be fixed or an inevitable decline. Instead, we can promote a more holistic view of older people as individuals with valuable experiences, perspectives, and potential, regardless of their age or health status.
How to Promote Respectful Language
- Educate others: When you hear someone use inaccurate or ageist terms, gently explain the correct terminology and why it matters. Use this article to help inform others.
- Be a role model: Consistently use respectful language in your own conversations and writing to set a positive example.
- Put the person first: Focus on the individual, not their age. For example, “a person with a chronic condition” is better than “an elderly patient.”
In conclusion, while the intent behind using the term "geriatrics" may not be malicious, it is important to recognize and correct the inaccuracy. By understanding the distinction between a medical field and a person, and by choosing respectful language, we can foster a more inclusive and appreciative society for people of all ages.
For more information on avoiding ageism, you can explore the guidance from the National Institute on Aging.
