How to Help Someone With a Bed Pan: A Step-by-Step Guide

According to a study on stroke patients, a significant number developed new-onset constipation due to bedpan use, highlighting the importance of proper technique for patient comfort and health. This guide provides a detailed, compassionate approach on how to help someone with a bed pan to ensure the process is safe, hygienic, and preserves their dignity.

Quick Summary

A step-by-step guide for caregivers covering the entire process of using a bedpan, from gathering necessary supplies and preparing the patient to proper positioning, removal, and cleaning. The instructions prioritize patient comfort, safety, and maintaining dignity throughout the procedure.

Key Points

• Prepare all supplies beforehand: Gather the bedpan, gloves, waterproof pads, and wipes before starting to ensure a smooth, quick process.

• Ensure patient privacy: Close curtains or doors and keep the patient covered as much as possible to protect their dignity.

• Use the correct positioning technique: Whether the person can lift their hips or needs to be rolled, use the appropriate method for a comfortable and secure fit.

• Provide for hygiene and comfort after use: After removing the bedpan, assist with wiping, and ensure the patient's hands are clean. Warm the bedpan before use to increase comfort.

• Empty and clean the bedpan promptly: Dispose of the waste and clean the bedpan immediately after use to maintain hygiene and control odors.

Preparation for Bed Pan Use

Before assisting someone with a bedpan, gathering all necessary supplies and preparing the environment is crucial for efficiency and maintaining hygiene. A calm and confident demeanor from the caregiver can also help the person feel more at ease.

Gather your supplies

• Bedpan: Choose the appropriate type for the person's needs (standard or fracture pan).
• Gloves: Use disposable gloves to protect against infection.
• Waterproof pad or absorbent towel: Place under the patient to protect bed linens.
• Toilet paper or wet wipes: Essential for cleaning.
• Bedpan liners: A convenient option for easier cleanup.
• Basin with warm water and soap: For handwashing and personal hygiene.
• Towel or blanket: For providing privacy.
• Call light or bell: Place within the patient's reach for when they are finished.

Prepare the bed and patient

1. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before putting on gloves.
2. Explain the process to the person, detailing each step to reduce their anxiety and provide assurance.
3. Ensure the person has as much privacy as possible by closing doors or drawing curtains.
4. Elevate the bed to a comfortable working height for yourself to prevent back strain.
5. Warm the bedpan by running warm water over it and then drying it completely. A warm bedpan is more comfortable for the patient.
6. Place the waterproof pad under the patient's buttocks to protect the linens from spills.

Positioning the Bedpan: Two Methods

The method for positioning the bedpan depends on the individual's mobility. Always prioritize their comfort and safety.

For someone who can lift their hips

1. Ask the person to bend their knees and place their feet flat on the mattress.
2. Help them lift their hips by asking them to push up with their feet on the count of three.
3. As they lift, slide the bedpan underneath their buttocks. The flatter, curved edge of a standard bedpan should face toward their feet.
4. For added comfort and to prevent skin from sticking, you can sprinkle a thin layer of talcum powder on the rim of the bedpan (avoid if skin is broken).
5. Help the person lower their hips gently onto the bedpan.

For someone with limited hip mobility (using the roll method)

1. Position the person on their side, rolling them toward you or away from you. A rolled-up towel or sheet behind their back can provide support.
2. Place the waterproof pad and bedpan firmly against their buttocks. A fracture pan, with its tapered end, is often more suitable here.
3. Hold the bedpan in place and gently roll the person back onto their back and onto the bedpan.
4. Once positioned, you can raise the head of the bed to a semi-sitting position (around 30 degrees) to simulate a more natural toileting posture.

Removing the Bedpan and Post-Care

Once the person is finished, the removal and cleaning process must also be handled with care and efficiency.

A careful removal

1. When they indicate they are done, lower the head of the bed to a flat position.
2. If they can lift their hips, ask them to do so and slide the bedpan out from underneath.
3. If using the roll method, hold the bedpan firmly and roll them gently off it and onto their side, away from the bedpan.
4. Cover the bedpan with a towel and place it on a chair or flat surface, not on the bed.

Cleaning and hygiene

• Assist with wiping if needed, always wiping from front to back for females to prevent infection.
• Use a wet cloth or wipe for a more thorough cleaning, then pat the area dry.
• After cleaning the person, remove the waterproof pad.
• Offer a damp washcloth or hand sanitizer for the person to clean their hands.
• Carefully take the bedpan to the toilet to empty its contents.
• Rinse and clean the bedpan with disinfectant, following manufacturer guidelines.

Bedpan Comparison Table

Feature	Standard Bedpan	Fracture Bedpan	Bariatric Bedpan
Shape	Resembles a toilet seat and bowl, larger capacity.	Smaller, with one flat, tapered end for easy sliding.	Wider and more durable, designed for heavier patients.
Use Case	General use for individuals who can lift their hips sufficiently.	Ideal for those with hip fractures, recent hip replacement surgery, or limited pelvic movement.	Accommodates heavier patients, with reinforced edges for stability.
Positioning	Requires the user to lift their hips onto the pan.	Easily slides under the body without significant lifting.	Requires careful, often two-person, assistance due to patient size.
Comfort	Can be uncomfortable if left for extended periods, increasing pressure sore risk.	Designed for comfort with a tapered edge to minimize movement.	Specialized design to distribute weight and increase comfort.

Conclusion

Learning how to help someone with a bed pan is a fundamental caregiving skill that demands patience, respect, and proper technique. By preparing thoroughly, choosing the right type of bedpan, and mastering the appropriate positioning methods, caregivers can minimize discomfort and embarrassment for the patient. The ultimate goal is to provide a clean, safe, and dignified experience for those who depend on us for this basic human need. Consistency and communication will build trust and make this often-sensitive task more manageable for everyone involved.

Additional Considerations

• Preventing Pressure Sores: Prolonged use of a bedpan can increase the risk of pressure injuries. To minimize this risk, ensure the bedpan is removed promptly after use and regularly check the patient's skin for redness or irritation.
• Encouraging Independence: If the patient has some mobility, encourage them to assist with as much of the process as they comfortably can. This helps maintain their sense of control and dignity.
• Odor Control: Using bedpan liners with absorbent pads can help manage odors and simplify cleanup.
• Seeking Professional Guidance: For complex cases, such as bariatric patients or those with severe mobility issues, seeking guidance from a healthcare professional is recommended.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which way does a bedpan go under a patient?

For a standard bedpan, the flatter, curved edge should be placed toward the patient's feet. If using a fracture pan, the tapered, flat end is slid under the patient's buttocks.

How long should a person be left on a bedpan?

A person should only be left on a bedpan for a short duration, typically no longer than 10-15 minutes. Extended use can cause discomfort and increase the risk of pressure injuries or skin breakdown.

What if the person cannot lift their hips to get onto the bedpan?

If a person cannot lift their hips, the roll method should be used. This involves rolling them onto their side, placing the bedpan against their buttocks, and gently rolling them back onto it.

How do you maintain a patient's dignity during bedpan use?

Maintain a patient's dignity by explaining the procedure beforehand, ensuring as much privacy as possible with curtains or doors, and keeping them covered with a sheet or blanket.

What supplies are needed to help someone use a bedpan?

You will need a bedpan, disposable gloves, waterproof pads, toilet paper or wet wipes, and a container for handwashing. Bedpan liners are also a helpful option.

How do I empty and clean a bedpan?

After use, carefully cover the bedpan and take it to the toilet. Empty the contents, rinse with warm water, and clean with a disinfectant. Disposable liners can also be used for easier cleanup.

Can I use talcum powder to make positioning easier?

Yes, you can sift a thin layer of talcum powder on the rim of the bedpan to help it slide more easily. However, do not use talcum powder if the patient has any bedsores or broken skin.