What is the procedure for giving a bed pan?

According to the National Institute on Aging, maintaining dignity and comfort is a crucial aspect of care for bedridden individuals.

This guide provides a comprehensive, step-by-step answer to the question: What is the procedure for giving a bed pan?

Quick Summary

Gathering all necessary supplies and ensuring patient privacy are the first steps, followed by safely positioning the patient to place the bedpan.

Proper technique minimizes discomfort and promotes hygiene throughout the entire process, from setup to cleanup.

Key Points

• Pre-Procedure Prep: Always gather all supplies, explain the process to the patient, and ensure their privacy before starting.

• Use the Correct Technique: Choose the rolling method for less mobile patients and the lifting method for those who can assist to ensure safety and comfort.

• Maintain Patient Dignity: Communicate respectfully, ensure privacy with curtains and blankets, and be mindful of the patient's feelings.

• Prevent Spills: Keep the bedpan level during removal by lowering the bed and using a protective pad to catch any drips.

• Ensure Hygiene: Thoroughly clean the patient and sanitize the bedpan after each use to prevent infection and maintain a clean environment.

• Watch for Skin Issues: Be vigilant for any signs of skin irritation or pressure sores, especially with prolonged bedpan use.

Preparing for the Procedure

Before you begin the procedure for giving a bed pan, proper preparation is essential to ensure both your safety and the patient's comfort and dignity. Begin by gathering all necessary supplies and communicating clearly with the individual in your care.

Gather Your Supplies

Having everything you need within reach prevents you from leaving the patient unattended and ensures a smooth process. Assemble the following items:

• Bedpan: Choose the correct type, either a standard or a fracture bedpan, based on the patient's needs.
• Gloves: Disposable, non-latex gloves are necessary for hygiene and safety.
• Protective Pad: An absorbent, waterproof pad to place under the patient to protect the bed linens from spills.
• Toilet Paper or Wipes: For cleaning after use.
• Washcloth and Towel: A damp washcloth and dry towel for final cleaning and hand hygiene.
• Linen: A clean sheet or blanket for covering the patient to maintain privacy.
• Soap and Water: For washing your hands and cleaning the bedpan.

Prepare the Patient and Environment

1. Communicate: Explain the procedure to the patient in a calm and reassuring manner. This helps them feel more in control and reduces embarrassment.
2. Ensure Privacy: Close doors and curtains. Cover the patient with a blanket to maintain their dignity.
3. Adjust the Bed: Raise the bed to a comfortable working height for you, which helps prevent back strain. Ensure the bed is locked to prevent movement.

Positioning the Bedpan Safely

There are two primary methods for placing a bedpan, depending on the patient's mobility. You must assess the patient's ability to assist and choose the most appropriate method to prevent injury and discomfort.

The Rolling Method (For Less Mobile Patients)

1. Put on your disposable gloves.
2. Help the patient bend their knees and turn gently onto their side, facing away from you. Use a pillow for support if needed.
3. Place the protective pad on the bed under the patient's hips.
4. Position the bedpan firmly against the patient's buttocks. If using a fracture pan, the handle should point toward the foot of the bed.
5. While holding the bedpan securely in place, help the patient roll back onto their back and onto the bedpan. Ensure they are centered and comfortable.

The Lifting Method (For Patients with Some Mobility)

1. Put on your gloves.
2. Raise the head of the bed slightly to a comfortable angle.
3. Instruct the patient to bend their knees and press their feet firmly into the bed to lift their hips.
4. Place the protective pad and then the bedpan under their buttocks.
5. Ensure the patient is centered on the bedpan and comfortable.

Using and Removing the Bedpan

Once the patient is properly positioned, the next steps focus on facilitation and clean-up.

During Use

• Promote Elimination: Raise the head of the bed to a semi-Fowler's position (30-45 degrees) if possible. This more natural posture can help with elimination.
• Provide Necessities: Place toilet paper and the call light within the patient's reach.
• Grant Privacy: Leave the room if it is safe to do so. If the patient is at risk of falling or needs constant supervision, remain in the room but turn your back to provide privacy.

Removing the Bedpan

1. After the patient finishes, return to the room promptly.
2. Lower the head of the bed to a flat position to prevent spillage during removal.
3. Roll the patient gently off the bedpan, holding the pan level to avoid spills. The rolling method is often the safest for removal.
4. Place the bedpan aside on a flat, protected surface.

Post-Procedure Care and Cleaning

Patient Hygiene

1. Assist the patient with perineal care, wiping from front to back to prevent infection. Use wet wipes or a damp washcloth.
2. Pat the area dry with a clean towel.
3. Remove the protective pad and any soiled linens, placing them in the proper receptacle.
4. Help the patient get comfortable and reposition them as needed.

Bedpan Cleaning and Disposal

1. Empty the contents of the bedpan into the toilet.
2. Rinse the bedpan with water and empty it again.
3. Wash the bedpan thoroughly with soap and water, or follow facility protocols for sanitization.
4. Dry the bedpan and store it in an appropriate location.
5. Remove and dispose of your gloves. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water.

Comparing Bedpan Types

Understanding the differences between bedpan types is crucial for providing proper care. Fracture bedpans are designed for specific needs, while standard bedpans are more common.

Feature	Standard Bedpan	Fracture Bedpan
Shape	Round, with high sides, resembling a portable toilet seat.	Flat, shallow, with a tapered end and a handle.
Ideal For	Patients with greater mobility who can lift their hips significantly.	Patients with limited movement, hip injuries, or casts.
Patient Comfort	Can be uncomfortable for patients with back or hip issues due to height.	More comfortable for patients with limited mobility or pain.
Placement	Requires patient to lift hips higher to place underneath.	Slides easily under patients with minimal lifting required.
Spill Risk	Can be higher if not positioned correctly during placement and removal.	Lower spill risk due to lower profile, but requires careful handling.

Promoting Patient Dignity and Preventing Complications

Throughout this entire process, prioritize the patient's dignity and emotional well-being. Simple acts like maintaining eye contact, using a calm tone, and respecting their privacy can make a significant difference. Pay attention to the patient's skin for any signs of redness or irritation, as prolonged use of bedpans can lead to pressure sores.

Conclusion

Mastering the proper bed pan procedure is a vital skill for any caregiver. By focusing on preparation, safe technique, hygiene, and patient dignity, you can provide effective and respectful care. This comprehensive approach ensures a safe, comfortable, and hygienic experience for the individual requiring assistance. For further resources on safety protocols in caregiving, refer to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the correct way to position a bedpan?

The correct position depends on the patient's mobility. For most patients, use the rolling method by having them turn on their side while you place the bedpan. For those who can assist, have them lift their hips slightly while you slide the pan underneath.

How do you ensure a patient's privacy when giving a bedpan?

Always close doors and draw curtains. Cover the patient with a blanket or sheet during the process and turn away to provide privacy while they use the bedpan, if it is safe to do so.

What is the difference between a regular bedpan and a fracture bedpan?

A regular bedpan has higher, rounded sides and is used for more mobile patients. A fracture bedpan is flatter and tapered, with a handle, making it easier to slide under patients with limited hip mobility or specific injuries.

How can I prevent spills when removing a bedpan?

To prevent spills, always lower the head of the bed to a flat position before removal. Hold the bedpan level and steady as you gently roll the patient off of it. A protective pad can also catch any drips.

How long can a patient be left on a bedpan?

A patient should only be left on a bedpan long enough to complete elimination. Extended periods can lead to discomfort and increase the risk of skin breakdown or pressure sores.

What supplies should I gather before starting the procedure?

You should gather a bedpan, disposable gloves, a protective pad, toilet paper or wipes, a washcloth and towel, and a privacy blanket. Having all supplies ready prevents interruptions.

What is the proper method for cleaning a bedpan after use?

After use, empty the contents into the toilet, rinse the bedpan with water, and then wash it thoroughly with soap and water. Dry the bedpan and store it in an appropriate place according to hygiene protocols.