How do you say "old people" in a professional way?

According to the National Institute on Aging, avoiding ageism in communication is crucial, as it is linked to poorer physical and mental health outcomes for older adults. So, how do you say "old people" in a professional way, while promoting dignity and respect? This guide explores appropriate and respectful terminology for older adults.

Quick Summary

Use respectful and neutral phrases such as "older adults," "older people," or "people aged 65 and older" instead of outdated or potentially demeaning terms like "old people," "the elderly," or "senior citizens." Emphasize the individual's dignity and avoid assumptions.

Key Points

• Embrace 'Older Adults': Use neutral, respectful terms like "older adults," "older people," or specific age ranges (e.g., "people aged 65 and older") in professional communication [3, 4].

• Avoid Outdated Terms: Refrain from using terms like "the elderly," "senior citizens," or "old people," which are often viewed as patronizing, impersonal, or outdated [4].

• Prioritize Person-First Language: Frame your language to focus on the individual, such as "an older adult with dementia," rather than reducing them to their condition [4].

• Be Specific When Necessary: In contexts requiring detail, use specific age ranges rather than broad, generalizing labels [4].

• Combat Ageism: Choosing respectful terminology is a key step toward combating ageism and promoting a more dignified, inclusive view of the aging population [2, 4].

The Importance of Age-Inclusive Language

Using outdated or biased terms for older individuals contributes to ageism, a form of prejudice based on age. Adopting age-inclusive, person-centered language is crucial in professional contexts like healthcare and marketing to foster dignity and respect for all, recognizing the diverse and individualized nature of aging [2, 4].

Preferred Terms for Professional Communication

For professional and academic settings, neutral and respectful terms are preferred when referring to individuals in later life. These terms are widely accepted by older adults:

• Older adults: The most common and accepted term [3, 4].
• Older people: A direct and respectful option [4].
• People aged X and older: Useful for specific demographics, like "people aged 65 and older" [4].
• Individuals in later life: A more formal choice [4].

Terms to Avoid and Why

Certain terms are now considered outdated or have negative connotations, contributing to ageism. Avoiding them promotes a positive view of aging [4].

• "Old people" or "the aged": Impersonal and generalize individuals [4].
• "The elderly": Generalizing and can be seen as patronizing [4].
• "Senior citizens": Can carry a stigma for some [4].
• "Elders": Can be respectful in specific cultural contexts but not a general term [4].
• "Golden agers": Can feel clichéd or dismissive [4].

The Nuance of Specificity

While general terms are a good start, specificity is often more respectful. If age is relevant, use an exact age range rather than a broad label, for example, "women aged 75 to 84" instead of "older women." This respects the diversity of the aging population [4].

Comparison of Age-Related Terminology

Term	Connotation	Professional Suitability	Contextual Usage
Older adults	Neutral, respectful	Highly Recommended	General professional communication, healthcare, research [3, 4]
Older people	Neutral, respectful	Highly Recommended	General professional communication, journalism [4]
People aged 65+	Specific, descriptive	Highly Recommended	Contexts where a specific age range is relevant, such as research or policy [4]
Senior citizen	Outdated, potentially demeaning	Best to avoid	Historical documents, or only if an individual specifically uses and prefers it [4]
The elderly	Generalizing, patronizing	Best to avoid	Almost always replaced by "older adults" [4]
Old people	Impersonal, informal, potentially offensive	Best to avoid	No professional context [4]

Putting it into Practice: How to Write and Speak Respectfully

1. Prioritize Person-First Language: Focus on the person, not just a characteristic. Use "an older adult with arthritis" instead of "an arthritic elder" [4].
2. Focus on Ability, Not Age: Avoid implying that certain abilities are surprising for an age. Say "She is working at 75," not "She's still working at 75." [1]
3. Use Specifics: When discussing data, use specific age ranges [4].
4. Avoid Infantilizing Language: Treat older adults with respect, avoiding overly simple language or a condescending tone [4].
5. Acknowledge Diversity: Recognize that older adults are a diverse group with varied experiences and abilities [4].

Conclusion: A Shift in Perspective

Using age-inclusive language helps shift our perspective on aging, dismantling stereotypes and fostering a more positive view of later life [4]. This thoughtful approach benefits everyone by creating a more inclusive society.

For further guidance on avoiding ageist language, consult resources like the National Institute on Aging's blog post: https://www.nia.nih.gov/research/blog/2023/12/dont-call-me-old-avoiding-ageism-when-writing-about-aging [1].

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best term to use instead of "old people"?

The most widely recommended and respectful term is "older adults." Other good alternatives include "older people" or, for more specificity, "people aged 65 and older." [3, 4]

Why should I avoid the term "senior citizen"?

While once a standard term, "senior citizen" is now often considered outdated and carries potentially negative connotations. Many older adults find it patronizing or associated with dependency, so "older adults" is a more neutral and respectful choice. [4]

Is it okay to use the term "the elderly"?

It is best to avoid the term "the elderly." Like "old people," it generalizes a very diverse group of individuals and can come across as impersonal or demeaning. Use "older adults" instead. [4]

Should I use specific age ranges when possible?

Yes, using specific age ranges (e.g., "adults 75 and older") is often the most precise and respectful approach, especially in scientific or research contexts. It avoids broad generalizations and respects the diversity within the older population. [4]

How can I avoid infantilizing language when speaking to older adults?

Treat older adults with the same respect as any other adult. Avoid using a higher-pitched voice, speaking overly slowly, or using overly simplistic language. Use a normal, conversational tone. [4]

What is ageism and how does my word choice relate to it?

Ageism is prejudice or discrimination on the basis of a person's age. Your word choice can perpetuate or challenge ageist stereotypes. Using respectful, person-centered language helps combat ageism by emphasizing the individual's dignity rather than their age. [2, 4]

Is "seniors" an acceptable term?

While sometimes used, "seniors" is also becoming less preferred. While many older adults tolerate it, polls show they prefer more inclusive terms like "older adults" or "mature adults." It's safer to use the more neutral options. [3]