How to Transfer a Patient from Wheelchair to Bed with a Lift?

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, patient handling poses one of the highest risks of injury for caregivers. Mastering the process of how to transfer a patient from wheelchair to bed with a lift is crucial for ensuring both the patient's and caregiver's safety and well-being.

Quick Summary

Using a patient lift for transfers involves preparing the environment, correctly fitting and attaching a compatible sling, carefully raising and maneuvering the patient, and safely lowering them onto the bed. Clear communication and adhering to safety protocols are key to a smooth and secure process.

Key Points

• Patient and Equipment Check: Always assess the patient's condition and thoroughly inspect the lift and sling for any damage or wear before each use.

• Secure Sling Placement: Correctly apply the sling by rolling the patient side to side, ensuring it is centered under their spine with leg straps positioned properly.

• Clear Communication: Explain each step of the transfer process to the patient to gain their cooperation and minimize anxiety.

• Test Lift Before Transfer: Raise the patient a few inches off the surface first to confirm the sling is secure and the lift is balanced before completing the full transfer.

• Prioritize Safe Maneuvering: Ensure the lift's base is wide and the casters are unlocked for movement, but lock all receiving surfaces (bed, wheelchair) before lowering the patient.

• Never Leave Unattended: A patient should never be left alone while suspended in the lift's sling.

Essential Preparation Before You Begin

Before initiating any transfer, thorough preparation is critical to ensure safety and efficiency. This includes assessing the patient, the equipment, and the environment.

Patient Assessment and Communication

• Evaluate the patient's condition: Check their weight, comfort level, and ability to follow instructions. Patient lifts are not suitable for those who are agitated, resistant, or unable to cooperate with the process.
• Explain the procedure: Clearly communicate each step to the patient to minimize anxiety and encourage their participation. A calm, reassuring tone is important.
• Address special needs: Take into account any medical conditions, such as recent surgeries, pressure-sensitive areas, or limited range of motion, that might affect the transfer.

Equipment Check and Setup

• Inspect the lift: Ensure the lift's battery is fully charged for electric models. Check for any signs of damage, wear, or loose parts on the frame, controls, and moving components. Test the emergency release feature.
• Verify sling compatibility and condition: The sling must be compatible with your specific lift model and rated for the patient's weight. Inspect the sling and its straps for any fraying, tears, or damage. A damaged sling must not be used.
• Prepare the area: Position the wheelchair and bed as close as possible to minimize the distance of the transfer. Lock the brakes on both the wheelchair and the lift (if applicable) and remove any obstacles from the path.

Step-by-Step Patient Transfer Process

Once all preparations are complete, follow these steps meticulously for a successful and safe transfer.

1. Positioning the Patient and Applying the Sling

• Move the patient to the edge of the wheelchair: Encourage them to scoot forward so their hips are at the front edge of the seat, with their feet flat on the floor.
• Apply the sling from behind: Gently roll the patient to one side. Roll one half of the sling lengthwise and tuck it firmly against their back. Roll the patient back to the other side to pull the sling through, ensuring the sling's center is aligned with their spine. Smooth out any wrinkles.
• Position the leg straps: Bring the leg straps between the patient's legs. Cross the straps to create a hammock-like seat, or follow the manufacturer's specific instructions. Ensure the straps are not twisted or folded.

2. Attaching the Sling to the Lift

• Maneuver the lift: Guide the patient lift to the front of the patient. Widen the lift's base legs for maximum stability.
• Attach the straps: Lower the lift's boom arm and carefully attach the sling's loops to the hanger bar's hooks. Ensure the loops are securely fastened and that the straps are not twisted. Use the same color loops on each side for a balanced lift.

3. Lifting the Patient

• Communicate the lift: Before raising, give a final check and inform the patient that you are about to lift them. Ask them to cross their arms over their chest for safety.
• Slowly raise the patient: Use the control pendant to lift the patient just a few inches off the wheelchair seat. Pause to ensure they are stable and comfortable in the sling. Check that the weight is evenly distributed and the sling is not pinching their skin.
• Elevate for clearance: Continue to lift the patient just high enough to clear the wheelchair's arms and wheels. Avoid raising them higher than necessary.

4. Moving the Patient and Lowering onto the Bed

• Guide the lift: Unlock the lift's casters and gently guide it towards the bed. Move the patient smoothly, avoiding sudden or jerky movements. Position the patient directly over the center of the bed.
• Position the patient: Align the patient so their legs are dangling slightly over the edge of the bed. You may need to rotate the lift to place the patient in the correct orientation.
• Lower the patient: Slowly use the control pendant to lower the patient onto the bed. As they descend, gently guide their hips and legs into a proper seated position on the bed. Lock the lift's brakes once the patient is fully supported by the bed.

5. Finalizing the Transfer

• Release the sling: Once the patient's full weight is on the bed, detach the sling's loops from the hanger bar. Raise the boom arm and move the lift away.
• Remove the sling: Remove the sling by gently rolling the patient to each side. It is best practice to remove the sling if it is not a full-time use sling to prevent pressure sores.
• Ensure comfort: Position the patient comfortably in the bed and attend to any final needs.

Comparison of Electric vs. Manual Patient Lifts

Feature	Electric Patient Lift	Manual (Hydraulic) Patient Lift
Operation	Battery-powered motor controlled via a pendant or remote.	Hydraulic pump operated by a manual hand lever.
Effort Required	Minimal physical effort from the caregiver; a touch of a button handles lifting.	Requires significant physical strength and effort from the caregiver to pump the hydraulic lever.
Speed and Control	Provides a slow, smooth, and consistent lift speed, offering excellent control.	Speed can be variable depending on the caregiver's pumping rhythm; control can be less precise.
Portability	Generally heavier and more cumbersome due to the motor and battery, but often includes larger wheels.	Lighter and often foldable, making it easier to transport or store when not in use.
Emergency Features	Includes an emergency stop button and a manual lowering mechanism in case of power failure.	Uses the hydraulic release valve for controlled lowering, which is a built-in emergency feature.
Cost	Higher initial purchase cost due to the motor and electronic components.	More affordable and simpler in design, resulting in a lower initial cost.

Safety Protocols and Best Practices

Safe patient transfers depend on consistent adherence to protocol. For additional safety resources and guidelines, consult the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Patient Lifts Safety Guide.

• Never leave a patient unattended while they are suspended in the lift.
• Always use matching loops on both sides of the hanger bar to ensure a balanced and stable lift.
• Avoid twisting or sudden movements while maneuvering the lift. Pivot the entire lift to change direction.
• Regularly inspect and maintain all equipment according to the manufacturer's instructions.
• Ensure proper body mechanics for caregivers when pushing or guiding the lift to prevent strain or injury.

Conclusion: Prioritizing Safety in Patient Transfers

Using a patient lift to transfer a person from a wheelchair to a bed is a critical skill for caregivers. It protects both the patient from falling and the caregiver from back injuries caused by manual lifting. By following a clear, step-by-step process, checking equipment regularly, and prioritizing safety protocols, caregivers can provide dignified and secure mobility assistance. A well-executed transfer boosts confidence for both the patient and the caregiver, making daily care tasks safer and more comfortable for everyone involved.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary benefit of using a patient lift for transfers?

The primary benefit is a significant reduction in the risk of injury for both the patient and the caregiver. It eliminates the need for manual lifting, preventing falls for the patient and back strain for the caregiver.

How do I choose the right sling for a patient lift?

Selecting the correct sling depends on the patient's weight, medical condition, and the type of transfer. Always ensure the sling is compatible with your specific lift model and check the manufacturer's weight guidelines. Inspect the sling for signs of wear before every use.

What should I do if the patient becomes agitated or uncooperative during the transfer?

If a patient becomes agitated or resistive, the transfer should be stopped immediately. Lower the patient gently back to their starting position. Using a patient lift with an uncooperative patient can be dangerous and should be avoided.

Is it safe to leave a patient in a sling for a long period?

No, patients should not be left suspended in a lift's sling for more than a few minutes. Prolonged suspension can cause discomfort and pressure on the skin. The goal is to complete the transfer efficiently and return the patient to a stable, comfortable surface.

How do I deal with thick carpeting when using a mobile patient lift?

Thick carpeting can make maneuvering a mobile lift difficult. You can try a lift with larger wheels, or place a sturdy, non-slip mat over the carpeted area to create a smoother path for the lift's casters.

What should I do in a power failure with an electric lift?

Electric patient lifts are equipped with a manual or emergency release feature. Familiarize yourself with this function and practice using it. In case of a power failure, the manual override allows you to safely lower the patient.

Can I use any brand of sling with my patient lift?

No, it is crucial to use a sling that is specifically compatible with your patient lift brand and model. Using an incompatible sling can lead to a dangerous failure of the equipment.