Current Visitation Policies: A New Normal
The landscape of nursing home visitation has evolved significantly since 2020. Federal and state health agencies have provided comprehensive guidance, empowering facilities to develop protocols based on local community transmission rates, resident vaccination coverage, and individual facility conditions. This means there is no single answer to whether visitation is safe, but rather a set of best practices to follow.
Before You Arrive: Essential Preparations
To ensure a smooth and safe visit, preparation is key. Here is a numbered list of steps to take before you head to the facility:
- Call Ahead: Always contact the facility directly to confirm their current visitation policies. Ask about required health screenings, appointment scheduling, and any time restrictions.
- Monitor Your Health: In the days leading up to your visit, monitor yourself and household members for any signs of illness. If you feel unwell, even with mild symptoms, postpone your visit.
- Gather Your Supplies: Be prepared with your own mask, hand sanitizer, and any other personal protective equipment (PPE) the facility might recommend.
- Confirm the Location: Some facilities still prefer or require outdoor or designated visitation areas, especially during periods of higher local infection rates.
During Your Visit: Prioritizing Safety
Adhering to safety measures once you are on-site is crucial for protecting all residents. Here are the core practices to follow:
- Maintain Hand Hygiene: Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds upon entering and exiting the facility. Use hand sanitizer frequently during your visit.
- Wear Your Mask: Even if the facility does not strictly require it, wearing a well-fitting mask can provide an extra layer of protection, particularly when interacting with vulnerable residents.
- Practice Social Distancing: Stay at least six feet away from other residents and staff outside of your loved one's immediate visit area. This is especially important in common areas.
- Limit Physical Contact: While holding hands can be comforting, other forms of physical contact may need to be limited, depending on the facility's current rules.
- Keep Your Visit Focused: Restrict your movement to the designated visitation area to minimize potential exposure to other areas of the facility.
Comparing Different Visitation Methods
Different visitation methods carry varying levels of risk and effectiveness. Here is a comparison to help you make an informed decision:
| Feature | In-Person (Indoor) | In-Person (Outdoor) | Virtual Visits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Level | Higher, especially during local outbreaks | Lower, due to better ventilation | Lowest, with no physical exposure |
| Emotional Impact | Strong, with physical presence | Positive, offers fresh air and change of scenery | Varies, dependent on technology; less personal |
| Interaction | Close, potentially physical | Allows for more natural, spaced-out conversation | Can be done frequently and for longer durations |
| Prep Required | Health screening, mask, scheduling | Scheduling, potential weather prep | Device setup, internet access |
Navigating Special Circumstances
Visits are not always straightforward, especially during outbreaks or sensitive end-of-life situations.
What Happens During an Outbreak?
If the facility is experiencing an outbreak, visitation will likely be restricted or limited to compassionate care situations. Facilities must follow local and federal guidelines, which may include:
- Temporary Pauses: A temporary suspension of all non-essential visitation.
- Designated Caregivers: Allowing a single, essential caregiver to visit under strict conditions.
- Increased Screening: More rigorous health screenings for any approved visitors.
Compassionate Care Visits
Federal guidelines generally require nursing homes to allow compassionate care visits at all times, even during outbreaks. These visits, which may include end-of-life situations, are essential for resident well-being and are managed with the utmost caution. Compassionate care visitors must still adhere to all PPE and safety protocols.
Leveraging Technology for Connection
Even when in-person visits are not possible, maintaining connection is vital for mental health. Explore options like video calls, phone calls, or sending letters and photos. Many facilities have staff who can assist residents with virtual visits.
It is also important to stay informed about resident rights and care quality. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services website is an authoritative resource for understanding regulations and finding information on local facilities.
Conclusion: A Balancing Act
While the days of unrestricted access may not fully return, it is absolutely possible to visit nursing homes safely. The process requires open communication with the facility, a commitment to personal responsibility, and an understanding of ever-evolving health guidelines. By taking these precautions, you can protect not only your loved one but the entire community, ensuring that vital social and emotional connections can continue in a protected environment.
