Understanding the CDC's Recommendations for Adults 50-74
The CDC does not issue a blanket recommendation for all 70-year-olds to get an RSV vaccine. Instead, it advises a risk-based approach for adults between 50 and 74 years of age. This means the decision to vaccinate is based on an individual's health status and risk factors for developing a severe case of the virus. A 70-year-old who is in good overall health might not have the same risk profile as one with an underlying chronic condition. This approach, known as shared clinical decision-making, empowers patients to make informed health choices in consultation with their doctor.
Key Risk Factors for Severe RSV
Certain chronic health conditions can significantly increase a senior's risk of developing severe complications from an RSV infection. For a 70-year-old, these risk factors are especially important to consider when deciding whether to get the vaccine. The CDC identifies several conditions that place adults at higher risk:
- Chronic heart disease, including heart failure and coronary artery disease
- Chronic lung disease, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, or emphysema
- Weakened immune system due to disease or medication
- Neuromuscular conditions that impair a person’s ability to clear their airways
- Certain other medical conditions like diabetes, chronic liver or kidney disease
- Living in a long-term care facility, such as a nursing home
The Impact of RSV on Older Adults
While many people associate RSV with young children, it poses a serious threat to older adults. The virus can lead to serious lower respiratory tract diseases like pneumonia and bronchiolitis. These can be life-threatening, especially in those with underlying health issues. In some cases, an RSV infection can exacerbate existing conditions like asthma or COPD, leading to an emergency department visit or hospitalization. A single dose of the vaccine has been shown to reduce the risk of these serious outcomes.
The Effectiveness and Safety of RSV Vaccines
Several RSV vaccines are now available for older adults, and clinical studies have shown them to be highly effective. The protection offered by the vaccines provides a significant layer of defense against severe disease and hospitalization.
How effective are the vaccines?
- High Protection Rate: Real-world studies of available RSV vaccines during the 2023-2024 season showed impressive results. For instance, Arexvy was approximately 83% effective at preventing RSV-associated hospitalizations in adults 60 and older.
- Durable Protection: A single dose of the RSV vaccine provides protection for at least two years. This is different from the annual flu vaccine. The duration of protection is still under observation, and recommendations may be updated in the future.
What are the potential side effects?
Like all vaccines, the RSV vaccine has potential side effects, though they are typically mild and short-lived. Common side effects include pain or swelling at the injection site, fatigue, fever, headache, and muscle aches. In rare cases, some participants in early clinical trials developed serious neurological conditions, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). However, a direct causal link has not been conclusively established, and vaccine safety continues to be monitored. For most eligible adults, the benefits of preventing severe RSV disease outweigh the potential risks.
Comparing the Different RSV Vaccine Options
As of 2025, there are multiple FDA-licensed RSV vaccines for adults. A 70-year-old should know the available options when speaking with their doctor. The CDC does not recommend one vaccine over another, advising that eligible adults receive any licensed vaccine that is available to them.
| Feature | Arexvy (GSK) | Abrysvo (Pfizer) | mResvia (Moderna) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indicated For | Adults 60+ and 50-59 at increased risk | Adults 60+ and 50-59 at increased risk | Adults 60+ |
| Effectiveness (Hospitalization) | ~83% in adults 60+ (2023-24 season) | ~73% in adults 60+ (2023-24 season) | Data pending as of 2025 |
| Number of Doses | Single dose | Single dose | Single dose |
| Protection Duration | Clinical data shows at least 23 months | Clinical data shows at least 18 months | Clinical data shows at least 12 months |
| Co-administration | Can be co-administered with other vaccines | Can be co-administered with other vaccines | Can be co-administered with other vaccines |
Making Your Decision with a Healthcare Provider
Because the recommendation for 70-year-olds is risk-based, consulting with a healthcare provider is the most crucial step. They can evaluate your specific health history, current chronic conditions, and other risk factors to provide a personalized recommendation. This shared decision-making process ensures you have all the necessary information to protect your health.
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
- Given my medical history, do I have increased risk factors for severe RSV?
- Which of the available RSV vaccines do you recommend for me?
- Is there a best time for me to get the vaccine, especially if I also plan to get my flu or COVID-19 shots?
- What side effects should I be aware of?
Conclusion: Prioritizing Your Health at 70
The question of whether a 70 year old should get a RSV vaccine is not a simple 'yes' or 'no' but rather a personalized health decision based on individual risk. Given the potentially severe complications of RSV in older adults, vaccination can be a critical step in a comprehensive healthy aging strategy. By understanding your own risk factors and engaging in a thoughtful discussion with your healthcare provider, you can make the best choice to safeguard your health through the upcoming respiratory virus season.
For more information on the latest vaccination guidelines, you can visit the CDC's Vaccines for Adults page.
