What doctor do I go to when I turn 18?

According to the CDC, over half of young adults between 18 and 34 have at least one chronic condition, highlighting the need for consistent medical care. For many, the first step in this new phase of health independence is figuring out: What doctor do I go to when I turn 18?

Quick Summary

At 18, you will typically transition from a pediatrician to a primary care physician (PCP) specializing in adult care, like an internist or family medicine doctor. This switch is a crucial first step toward managing your own health needs and establishing a long-term medical relationship.

Key Points

• Primary Care is Your New Medical Home: Transition from your pediatrician to an adult primary care physician (PCP) for comprehensive and continuous care.

• Internist vs. Family Doctor: Choose an internist for specialized adult-only care, or a family medicine doctor for care that can span all ages.

• Check Your Insurance Network: Before scheduling, confirm your new doctor is in-network to ensure your visits and costs are covered.

• Prepare Your Medical History: Bring a list of past conditions, allergies, and medications to your first visit to give your doctor a complete health picture.

• Prioritize Annual Wellness Visits: Schedule regular check-ups with your new PCP for preventive care, vaccinations, and mental health screenings.

• Ask Questions: Don't be afraid to ask potential doctors about their communication style, hospital affiliations, and practice logistics.

Your First Adult Primary Care Physician

Transitioning from pediatric care is a significant milestone that empowers you to take control of your health. Your pediatric doctor specializes in the care of children, but as an adult, your body and health needs evolve. Choosing a new primary care physician (PCP) is the foundation of your independent healthcare journey. This doctor will be your main point of contact for preventive care, managing routine illnesses, and guiding you toward specialists when needed.

Internal Medicine vs. Family Medicine

When searching for a new PCP, you will primarily encounter two main types of doctors: internists and family medicine doctors. While both can serve as your primary care provider, their training and patient focus are different.

• Internal Medicine (Internist): An internist focuses exclusively on adult medicine. They have extensive training in the diagnosis and management of complex chronic conditions affecting the body's major organ systems. They are particularly well-suited for patients with multiple or complex health issues.
• Family Medicine (Family Physician): A family physician is trained to provide comprehensive care for individuals of all ages, from infants to seniors. This broad training includes pediatrics, gynecology, and adult medicine, making them a one-stop-shop for a family's healthcare needs. If you prefer a doctor who can treat your entire family, a family physician is an excellent choice.

To help you decide, consider the following comparison:

Feature	Internal Medicine (Internist)	Family Medicine (Family Physician)
Patient Focus	Adults only (18+)	All ages (infants to seniors)
Scope of Practice	Specialized in complex adult diseases and chronic conditions	Broad-based general care for the whole family
Training	In-depth training focused on adult-specific illnesses and organ systems	Broad training covering a wide range of ages and conditions
Best For	Adults with complex health histories or chronic conditions	Individuals who prefer a single doctor for their entire life

How to Find Your New Doctor

Finding the right PCP can take some time, but a systematic approach makes it easier. Here are the steps you can take:

1. Check with Your Insurance Provider: Your health insurance company has a list of in-network doctors. Use their online directory to find PCPs in your area who accept your insurance. This is a critical step to ensure your visits are covered and costs are minimized.
2. Ask for Referrals: Speak with your current pediatrician, family members, or friends for recommendations. They can provide personal insights into a doctor's communication style and overall care. Your pediatrician can also help with the transition process.
3. Use Online Resources: Websites like the American Medical Association's Doctor Finder or your local medical society can provide lists of qualified physicians. Reading patient reviews on websites can offer perspective on an office's atmosphere, wait times, and a doctor's bedside manner.
4. Interview a Potential Doctor: Some practices offer a brief introductory meeting to help you decide if the doctor is a good fit. This is an opportunity to ask questions about their philosophy of care and practice logistics.

Preparing for Your First Appointment

Once you have chosen a doctor, gathering the right information for your first visit is essential. This preparation ensures the doctor has a complete picture of your health.

• Compile Your Medical History: Create a list of all past illnesses, surgeries, hospitalizations, and chronic conditions. Include any allergies you have.
• List All Medications: Write down all prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and supplements you currently take. It can be helpful to bring the bottles with you for accurate dosage information.
• Gather Your Family Health History: Document any significant health conditions your immediate and extended family members have. This helps your doctor assess potential genetic risks.
• Prepare a List of Questions: Write down any health concerns or topics you want to discuss, from new symptoms to mental health or lifestyle habits.
• Bring Your Documents: Have your health insurance card and photo ID ready. Consider signing up for the practice's patient portal, which can provide secure access to your medical records.

The Importance of the Annual Wellness Visit

As a young adult, the annual wellness visit becomes a cornerstone of your proactive health management. Unlike urgent care for a specific problem, this yearly check-up focuses on prevention and maintaining long-term health.

• Preventive Screenings: Your PCP will recommend screenings for high blood pressure, cholesterol, and other potential issues common in young adulthood, such as certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
• Immunizations: They will ensure you are up-to-date on recommended vaccinations, such as for HPV, tetanus, and the flu.
• Mental Health Checks: The visit provides a safe space to discuss mental health concerns like anxiety, depression, and stress, which are increasingly prevalent among young adults.
• Healthy Habits: Your doctor can provide guidance on diet, exercise, and sleep, helping you build healthy habits that can last a lifetime.

Taking Charge of Your Health

As you embark on this new chapter, taking an active role in your health is crucial for healthy aging. This includes understanding your insurance, knowing your medical history, and communicating openly with your doctor. Building a trusting relationship with your new PCP now will set you up for a lifetime of informed and proactive healthcare decisions.

It’s a transition that can feel daunting, but resources are available to help you navigate this change successfully. Start by utilizing resources like the National Institute on Aging's guide on preparing for a doctor's appointment, which offers valuable tips for a productive first visit.

Conclusion

Choosing your first doctor as an 18-year-old is a critical step toward embracing adult responsibilities. By understanding the difference between internal and family medicine, actively searching for a suitable provider, and preparing for your initial visit, you can successfully transition from pediatric care. Establishing this relationship early is a powerful way to invest in your long-term wellness and set the stage for a lifetime of good health.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the age limit for seeing a pediatrician?

Most pediatricians have an age limit for their patients, typically around 18 to 21 years old. This is because their training is specialized for treating children and adolescents, and adult medical needs differ.

What should I do if I have a chronic condition when I turn 18?

If you have a chronic condition, it is especially important to find an adult PCP who can coordinate with your specialists. An internist may be particularly well-equipped to manage your care in a hospital setting and understand complex diseases.

How do I transfer my medical records to a new doctor?

You will need to sign a medical release form at your new doctor's office. They will then send a request to your previous pediatrician to have your records transferred. Starting this process in advance of your first appointment is a good idea.

Will my parents have access to my medical information after I turn 18?

No, at age 18, you are legally considered an adult. Under HIPAA laws, your parents no longer have automatic access to your medical information unless you explicitly sign a release form allowing them to.

How is an annual wellness visit different from a physical exam?

A wellness visit focuses on preventive care, risk assessment, and creating a personalized health plan. It does not always include a full physical exam, which is more comprehensive and often focuses on specific body systems.

What if I move away for college or a new job?

If you move, you should research and establish a relationship with a new PCP in your new location. Your college health services can also be a good temporary resource for non-emergency issues.

Do I need to decide between an internist and a family doctor right away?

No, you don't have to decide immediately. Both are excellent choices for a PCP. You can speak with different practices or use a service like an interview appointment to help you decide which feels like the better long-term fit for your healthcare needs.