The Eight Domains of Age-Friendly Communities
Based on the influential framework developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), a truly age-friendly community is built upon eight interconnected domains. These areas of focus work together to create an environment where older adults can thrive, not just survive.
1. Outdoor Spaces and Public Buildings
An age-friendly community ensures its public areas are safe, clean, and accessible. This includes well-maintained and non-slip sidewalks with proper lighting, sufficient benches and resting places, and parks with easily navigable paths. Buildings feature clear signage, ramps, accessible washrooms, and automatic doors to accommodate people with varying mobility levels.
2. Transportation
Accessible and affordable transportation is essential for older adults who may no longer drive. This domain focuses on providing reliable public transit with features like low-floor buses and clear route information. Other options include affordable rideshare programs, community-based volunteer drivers, and well-marked, safe pedestrian crossings with sufficient crossing time.
3. Housing
As people age, their housing needs change. An age-friendly community offers diverse housing options to support residents as they age in place. This includes affordable, accessible housing options like accessory dwelling units, as well as home modification programs to add safety features such as ramps and grab bars. Affordable home maintenance and repair services are also crucial.
4. Social Participation
Social isolation is a significant health risk for older adults. Age-friendly communities counter this by providing a variety of social, cultural, and recreational activities that are affordable, accessible, and inclusive. Libraries, community centers, and parks host events that encourage intergenerational interaction, ensuring older adults remain socially engaged and connected.
5. Respect and Social Inclusion
This domain centers on combating ageism and promoting the positive image of aging. It involves encouraging the media to portray older adults positively and creating opportunities for intergenerational exchange. By valuing the wisdom, experience, and contributions of older people, a community fosters a culture of mutual respect and understanding.
6. Civic Participation and Employment
Many older adults wish to remain active contributors to their community, either through work or volunteering. An age-friendly community supports this by promoting flexible work options for mature job seekers, creating a range of volunteer opportunities, and ensuring older adults are represented on community decision-making bodies.
7. Communication and Information
Ensuring all residents can access and understand important community information is vital. This means providing information through multiple accessible channels—printed materials with large fonts, easy-to-navigate websites, clear public announcements, and a person-to-person support system. This also includes communicating health and social service information effectively.
8. Community Support and Health Services
Reliable and affordable access to health and community support services is a cornerstone of an age-friendly community. This includes conveniently located and accessible medical services, as well as in-home support options for those who need it. Coordinated care and administratively simple access to services are also emphasized.
The Role of Intergenerational Connection
One of the most enriching aspects of an age-friendly community is its focus on intergenerational connection. Rather than isolating older people, these communities build bridges between different age groups. Schools might partner with senior centers for reading programs, or parks could feature areas designed for both younger and older generations. This not only combats loneliness but also fosters a stronger, more cohesive social fabric.
Age-Friendly vs. Senior-Only Communities: A Comparison
To highlight the holistic nature of an age-friendly community, it’s useful to compare it with the more traditional model of senior-only living.
| Feature | Age-Friendly Community | Senior-Only Community |
|---|---|---|
| Inclusivity | Welcomes all ages and abilities, promoting intergenerational living. | Primarily designed for residents aged 55+, often with strict age restrictions. |
| Housing Options | Diverse range including multi-generational homes, ADUs, and accessible retrofits. | Predominantly retirement-style housing like condos, apartments, or single-level homes. |
| Social Environment | Encourages social integration across all age groups through shared public spaces. | Social activities are often geared exclusively toward older adults. |
| Services | Integrates senior-specific services within a broader, accessible community framework. | Services (healthcare, recreation) are often on-site and separated from the wider community. |
| Mobility | Focuses on robust public transportation, walkability, and complete streets for all residents. | Residents may be more dependent on private vehicles or specific community shuttles. |
Conclusion: A Better Future for All Ages
Creating an age-friendly community is not just about serving the needs of older adults; it’s about creating a better, more inclusive environment for everyone. By focusing on the eight domains outlined by the WHO, communities can proactively address the challenges of an aging population and build spaces that promote healthy, active, and meaningful lives for people of all ages. From accessible public spaces to vibrant social opportunities, these characteristics ensure that growing older is not a barrier to staying engaged and connected within your community. Embracing these principles is a step towards a more equitable and supportive society for every generation.
For more information on the global movement, visit the WHO Global Network for Age-friendly Cities and Communities.
