Understanding Your Individual Right to Claim Social Security
Many people, whether married, single, or divorced, wonder if they need a spouse's involvement to claim their own Social Security benefits. The good news is that your Social Security retirement benefits are based on your individual earnings record alone. This means that when you file for your own benefit, you are not dependent on your spouse's details or consent. The Social Security Administration (SSA) processes your claim based on your own work history and personal information, allowing you to proceed with complete financial autonomy.
Filing at age 70 is often the most financially advantageous move, as it ensures you've maximized your delayed retirement credits. These credits increase your benefit amount by 8% for each year you wait past your full retirement age (FRA), up to age 70. This can result in a significantly higher monthly payment for the rest of your life.
The Three Ways to File at Age 70 Independently
When you are ready to claim your benefits, the SSA offers three convenient and independent methods for application. You can begin the process up to four months before the month you want your benefits to begin. For most people, this means starting the application in the four months leading up to your 70th birthday to ensure the highest possible payment arrives on time.
Filing Online
The easiest and most common method is the online application. The SSA's website is secure and designed for individuals. You can create a "my Social Security" account to manage and view your earnings record and apply for benefits. The system guides you through the process step-by-step, only asking for your personal information and details relevant to your own work history.
- Visit the SSA's website and navigate to the retirement benefits section.
- Create or log in to your "my Social Security" account.
- Complete the application form, providing your personal details, birth date, and work history.
- Specify that you want your benefits to start at age 70 to maximize your delayed retirement credits.
- Provide your bank information for direct deposit.
Filing by Phone
If you prefer to speak with a representative, you can call the SSA's national toll-free number. This is another completely independent way to apply. The representative will take your information over the phone and process your claim. You will need to have your personal and work details on hand during the call.
Filing In-Person
For those who prefer a face-to-face interaction, you can visit your local Social Security office. It's often recommended to call ahead and schedule an appointment to avoid long wait times. An SSA representative will assist you with filling out the necessary paperwork. This method also does not require any spousal consent or information for your individual benefit claim.
Documents Needed for a Single or Independent Application
To ensure a smooth process, gather the following documents and information before you begin your application. Your spouse's information will not be on this list.
- Your Social Security Number
- Your birth certificate (original or certified copy)
- Proof of U.S. citizenship or lawful alien status (if you were not born in the U.S.)
- Your bank's routing and account numbers for direct deposit
- Your W-2 forms or self-employment tax returns for the previous year
- A copy of your U.S. military service paper(s) if you served before 1968
Understanding How Marital Status Affects Your Claim
Your marital status, whether currently married or divorced, does not prevent you from claiming your individual benefit. Here's a quick comparison of how spousal information becomes relevant only in specific scenarios, not for your personal claim.
| Feature | Individual Claim at Age 70 | Spousal Benefit Claim (If Applicable) |
|---|---|---|
| Information Required | Your SSN, birth certificate, bank info | Your SSN, spouse/ex-spouse's SSN, birth dates, marriage/divorce dates |
| Consent Needed | None; completely independent | None; but requires spouse/ex-spouse's SSN if claiming on their record |
| Eligibility | Based on your own earnings record | Based on your spouse/ex-spouse's earnings record (if higher) |
| Benefit Calculation | Based on your 35 highest-earning years | Up to 50% of your spouse's primary insurance amount (PIA) at their FRA |
For divorced individuals, you can independently claim a benefit on your ex-spouse's record if you were married for at least 10 years, are unmarried, and are 62 or older. Your ex-spouse does not need to have filed for their own benefits, and they will not be notified of your application. The SSA has clear rules on this process.
Taking the Next Step
Now that you know how do I start my Social Security at age 70 without any spousal roadblocks, you can move forward confidently. By claiming your benefit at age 70, you lock in the highest possible monthly payment for your lifetime, protecting your financial future and providing greater security. Whether you apply online, by phone, or in person, the path to claiming your Social Security is entirely your own.
It is important to remember that waiting beyond age 70 will not increase your benefit further, so it is crucial to apply at this age. This maximizes your lifetime income stream and provides a solid foundation for your retirement years. For more information on the benefits of waiting to file, see the SSA's Delayed Retirement Credits resource.
