Your Guide to Key Vaccine Updates for Adults Over 75
Staying current with immunizations is one of the most proactive steps seniors can take to protect their health. While an annual flu shot remains a priority, recent advancements have brought new and updated vaccines to the forefront for older adults. The landscape of available vaccines, especially for conditions like Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), COVID-19, and pneumococcal disease, has evolved rapidly.
The Rise of RSV Vaccines for Seniors
RSV poses a significant threat to older adults, causing thousands of hospitalizations and deaths annually. In recent years, several effective RSV vaccines have been approved and recommended for adults aged 60 and over, with specific guidance for the over-75 population.
In July 2025, the CDC recommended a single dose of any FDA-licensed RSV vaccine for all adults aged 75 years and older. Available options include Arexvy (GSK), Abrysvo (Pfizer), and mResvia (Moderna). These vaccines significantly reduce the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and death. Unlike an annual flu shot, the RSV vaccine is not currently recommended annually.
Updated COVID-19 Vaccines for 2025
COVID-19 continues to circulate, and updated vaccines are critical for maintaining protection, especially for high-risk populations like seniors. Following FDA approvals and CDC recommendations, an updated 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccine is available, targeting newer circulating virus strains.
For adults aged 65 and older, updated recommendations include a second dose of the 2024–2025 vaccine, recommended six months after the first dose. Updated shots from Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech provide enhanced protection against severe outcomes.
Advanced Pneumococcal Vaccines
Pneumococcal disease is a serious risk for older adults. Recent updates include routine pneumococcal vaccination starting at age 50, driven by the availability of new and improved vaccines.
Three main pneumococcal options are available for seniors: PCV15, PCV20, and the newly approved PCV21 (Capvaxive). PCV20 and PCV21 are simpler single-dose options for those not previously vaccinated. PCV15 requires a follow-up dose of PPSV23. The new options provide broader protection.
Comparing Key Features of RSV Vaccines
| Feature | Arexvy (GSK) | Abrysvo (Pfizer) | mResvia (Moderna) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adjuvant | Yes | No | mRNA platform |
| Subtypes Covered | Protects against RSV A and B | Bivalent (RSV A and B) | Protects against RSV A and B |
| Initial Approval for Adults | May 2023 | May 2023 | June 2024 |
| Duration of Protection | Protection through 23 months | Protection through 18 months | Efficacy at 4 months; longer data ongoing |
| Additional Approval | High-risk adults 50–59 | Pregnant women | Not applicable |
Comprehensive Strategy for Senior Immunization
In addition to these newer options, seniors must prioritize established vaccines. A high-dose or adjuvanted flu vaccine is preferentially recommended for adults 65 and over. Shingles vaccine (Shingrix) is also crucial, with a two-dose series recommended for adults 50 and older. Regular review of your immunization record with your healthcare provider is essential. This holistic approach provides robust protection.
Conclusion: Staying Informed is Your Best Defense
The most significant new options for seniors over 75 include the RSV vaccines (Arexvy, Abrysvo, mResvia), the updated 2024–2025 COVID-19 vaccine with a booster recommendation, and the newer generation of pneumococcal vaccines (PCV20, PCV21). The benefits of these vaccinations far outweigh the risks. By staying informed and consulting with healthcare professionals, seniors can navigate the changing vaccine landscape and make the best decisions for their health. For the latest recommendations, consult the CDC website.
