The Shift from "Patient" to "Resident"
Historically, individuals in nursing homes were often referred to as "patients," a term typically reserved for those in hospital settings. However, as senior care has evolved towards a more holistic and person-centered approach, the terminology has changed. The term "resident" is now the standard for several important reasons.
Why "Resident" is the Preferred Term
- Promotes Dignity and Respect: Calling someone a "resident" acknowledges that the nursing home is their home, not just a place for medical treatment. This respects their autonomy and sense of self.
- Fosters a Sense of Community: The word resident implies a membership within a community, fostering a more positive and dignified environment. This is a deliberate move away from the dehumanizing, institutional language of the past.
- Reflects Long-Term Stay: A nursing home is often a person's long-term or permanent residence. Using "resident" accurately describes this living arrangement, as opposed to "patient," which implies a temporary, acute care scenario.
The Role of Individual Preference
While "resident" is the standard, the most respectful approach is always to ask the individual directly what they prefer to be called. Communication is a two-way street, and showing this level of personalized respect is paramount in caregiving.
How to Address a Nursing Home Resident Respectfully
- Use Formal Titles: Start with a formal title like Mr., Mrs., or Ms. followed by their last name until you know their preference. This is a sign of respect, especially for older generations.
- Ask Directly and Privately: A simple, private question like, "Mr. Jones, would you prefer I call you Bill?" empowers the individual and respects their autonomy.
- Encourage Choice and Empowerment: Promote an environment where residents feel comfortable asserting their preferences, whether it's regarding their name, daily routine, or medical care.
The Problem with Ageist and Patronizing Language
In addition to avoiding outdated terms like "patient," it is crucial to avoid language that is condescending or patronizing. These terms, often used without malicious intent, can be incredibly demeaning and disrespectful to older adults.
Examples of Language to Avoid
- Avoid Terms of Endearment: Refrain from using "honey," "sweetie," "dear," or "grandma." These can be condescending and rob an adult of their individuality.
- Focus on the Person, Not the Condition: Instead of saying "the Alzheimer's patient," say "a resident living with Alzheimer's." This practices person-first language, placing the individual before their diagnosis.
- Refrain from Infantilizing Language: Words like "bib," "diaper," or "sippy cup" should be replaced with adult terminology, such as "clothing protector," "brief," or "cup".
Understanding the Difference: Nursing Home vs. Hospital
To fully appreciate the proper terminology, it's helpful to understand the fundamental differences in care provided by these two types of facilities. This comparison illustrates why a different term is necessary.
| Feature | Nursing Home | Hospital |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Purpose | Long-term residence and skilled nursing care | Short-term, acute medical treatment |
| Term for Individuals | Resident | Patient |
| Focus of Care | Quality of life, long-term health, social needs | Treatment of illness/injury, stabilization |
| Environment | Home-like, community-oriented | Medical facility, clinical |
| Length of Stay | Months to years, often permanent | Hours to weeks, temporary |
Promoting a Culture of Respect in Senior Care
Using respectful and appropriate language is more than just semantics; it's a fundamental part of providing ethical and high-quality senior care. It is a key component of fostering a positive culture within a nursing home. When staff and visitors use respectful language, they reinforce the individual's worth and dignity, which can have a profound impact on their mental and emotional well-being. This focus on a person's humanity is a core tenet of modern gerontological practice. Educational resources, such as those provided by organizations dedicated to senior care, offer further insights into fostering this kind of environment.
Conclusion
In summary, while the question of what do you call a person at a nursing home has a straightforward answer—they are called a resident—the reasoning behind it is nuanced and reflects a deeper commitment to dignity in senior care. By choosing language that is respectful, person-centered, and acknowledges the individual's role as a resident in their home, we can create a more compassionate and humane environment for older adults. For families and staff alike, understanding this terminology is a crucial step in providing the best possible care.
