CDC Preferential Recommendation for Enhanced Vaccines
For adults aged 65 years and older, the CDC and its Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) preferentially recommend three specific types of flu vaccines over standard-dose, unadjuvanted vaccines. These enhanced options aim to create a stronger immune response, important for older adults whose immune systems may weaken with age.
The three preferentially recommended vaccines are Fluzone High-Dose (containing four times the antigen of a standard shot), Fluad (a standard dose with an adjuvant to boost response), and Flublok (a recombinant, egg-free vaccine with a higher antigen dose). Studies suggest these enhanced options are more effective in this age group.
Importance of Choosing an Enhanced Vaccine
Evidence shows the benefit of high-dose and adjuvanted vaccines in older adults. Vaccination in September or October is often ideal for older adults, providing protection throughout the peak season. This timing matters as effectiveness can decrease sooner in older adults. If preferred options aren't available, any age-appropriate flu vaccine is still recommended and is better than no vaccine.
Comparison of Flu Vaccines for Older Adults
To help understand the recommended options for seniors, here is a comparison table outlining key features.
| Feature | Fluzone High-Dose Quadrivalent | Fluad Quadrivalent | Flublok Quadrivalent Recombinant |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanism | Contains 4x the antigen of a standard dose flu shot. | Contains an adjuvant to boost the immune response. | Contains 3x the antigen of a standard dose, made without eggs. |
| Production | Egg-based. | Egg-based. | {Link: CDC https://www.cdc.gov/flu/vaccines/keyfacts.html}. |
| Approved Age | 65 years and older. | 65 years and older. | 9 years and older (including 65+). |
| Egg Allergy Friendly | Safe for most, but discuss with a doctor. | Safe for most, but discuss with a doctor. | Yes, egg-free. |
| Availability | Widely available. | Widely available. | Widely available. |
| Common Side Effects | Injection site pain, muscle aches, fatigue, headache, redness. | Injection site pain, muscle aches, headache, fatigue. | Injection site pain, headache, fatigue, muscle aches. |
Important Considerations and Who Can Get What
While enhanced vaccines are preferred, other options are suitable if preferred ones are not available. The nasal spray vaccine is not for adults over 49. Flublok is an option for those with severe egg allergies. Annual vaccination is needed due to waning immunity and virus changes, and the vaccine is updated yearly. Older adults should also consider pneumococcal vaccination, which can be co-administered with the flu shot. Consult a healthcare provider for a vaccination plan.
Additional Prevention Methods
Other preventive actions for older adults include:
- Avoiding close contact with sick people.
- Frequent hand washing.
- Covering coughs and sneezes.
- Improving indoor air quality through ventilation.
The Takeaway
The CDC stresses that older adults face higher risks from flu and need an annual vaccine. The preference for high-dose, adjuvanted, or recombinant vaccines is based on evidence of greater effectiveness in this group. If these aren't available, any age-appropriate vaccine is still highly recommended. Consistent annual vaccination, especially in early fall, is vital protection.
Conclusion
The CDC highly recommends annual flu vaccination for all adults 65 and older, preferring high-dose, adjuvanted, or recombinant vaccines for a stronger immune response. These enhanced options offer better protection against severe illness. Vaccination is ideally timed for early fall, by the end of October. If a preferred vaccine is unavailable, any age-appropriate flu shot is a crucial alternative, as getting vaccinated is always better than not. Always consult a healthcare provider for guidance. Learn more about flu prevention for seniors on the {Link: NCOA website https://www.ncoa.org/article/what-older-adults-need-to-know-during-flu-season/}.
