The Shift in Terminology: From "Senior Citizen" to "Older Adult"
For decades, the term "senior citizen" was widely used, but it has become increasingly outdated. Many organizations and individuals now prefer more neutral, respectful, and descriptive language. The move away from terms like "senior citizen" or "the elderly" is rooted in a desire to combat ageism and recognize that older adults are not a monolithic group defined solely by their age.
The use of person-first language, such as "older adult" or "older person," is now considered best practice by major style guides and health organizations, including the American Medical Association and the Associated Press. This framing puts the individual before their age, emphasizing their humanity rather than a label. It acknowledges that people over 65 (or whatever arbitrary age is used) have a wide variety of experiences, health levels, and contributions to society.
Exploring Specific Alternatives and Their Meaning
While "older adult" is a widely accepted and respectful term for general use, other words can be used in specific, positive contexts. The right word depends heavily on the context and the relationship with the individual.
- Elder: This term often implies respect and a position of wisdom within a family or community. In some cultures, particularly within American Indian/Alaska Native communities, it holds specific and deeply respected cultural meaning. When used appropriately, it shows reverence for a person's experience and contributions. It should be used with caution and respect for cultural context.
- Sage: A sage is known for profound wisdom and knowledge. This term is fitting for an older adult who is a mentor, a respected advisor, or a source of deep insight. It shifts the focus from age to accumulated wisdom and intellect.
- Veteran: This word primarily refers to someone who has served in the armed forces. However, it can also be used metaphorically for a person with extensive experience in a particular field, profession, or even life itself. It highlights their longevity and mastery.
- Golden Ager: While some find this term quaint or overly euphemistic, for others, it's a lighthearted and positive reference to the "golden years" of retirement. Its appropriateness is highly dependent on the individual's personal feelings and the tone of the conversation.
- Seasoned Soul: This term is more poetic and emphasizes the depth of a person's life experiences, acknowledging that a long life is filled with many "seasons" of challenge and growth. It's a thoughtful way to describe someone with a rich and full life history.
The Impact of Language on Perception
The language we use isn't just about labels; it shapes our attitudes and biases. Phrases like "the elderly" or "little old lady" can reinforce harmful stereotypes of frailty or helplessness. This phenomenon is known as ageism and can have significant negative effects on an older person's self-perception, health, and quality of life. Conversely, using empowering and respectful language can foster a more positive and inclusive view of aging for everyone.
By consciously choosing words like "older adult," we reinforce the idea that individuals continue to grow, learn, and contribute throughout their lives. It helps reframe aging as a normal, valuable human experience rather than an obstacle to be overcome. For individuals, this can mean a greater sense of self-worth and confidence. For society, it can lead to more inclusive policies and attitudes.
Table: Outdated vs. Preferred Terminology
| Outdated/Stereotypical Term | Preferred/Respectful Alternative |
|---|---|
| Senior Citizen | Older Adult, Older Person |
| The Elderly | Older Adults |
| Of a certain age | Person over the age of X (be specific if needed) |
| Golden Ager | Respectfully inquire about their preferred term, use 'Older Adult' |
| The Aged | Older Adults |
| Geriatric (outside of medical context) | Older Adult, Older Person |
What To Do When You Don't Know What To Call Someone
When in doubt, the best strategy is to be direct and respectful. Referring to someone by their name is always the most personal and polite option. In a group setting, or when a general term is needed, the widely accepted standard of "older adults" or "older people" is the safest and most respectful choice.
For more in-depth guidance on language and its impact on aging, consider consulting reliable resources from leading organizations. The National Institute on Aging offers excellent guidance on avoiding age-biased language, a practice that benefits people of all ages visit their blog for insights.
Conclusion
Moving away from the outdated "senior citizen" and embracing more positive and accurate language is a small but powerful step in promoting healthy aging and combating ageism. By choosing words that focus on a person's wisdom, experience, and individuality, we create a more respectful and inclusive society for people at every stage of life. Remember that context matters, and the most positive approach is always grounded in respect and humanity.
