The Shift in Age-Inclusive Language
Over time, language evolves to reflect societal values, and the way we refer to older individuals is no exception. Terms once considered standard, such as "the elderly" or "senior citizen," are now often viewed as generalizing or patronizing. This shift is driven by a broader movement to combat ageism, the stereotyping and discrimination against individuals or groups based on their age.
Why “The Elderly” Is Becoming Outdated
The term "the elderly" has fallen out of favor for several reasons. Primarily, it lumps a vast and diverse group of people into a single category. A 65-year-old, for instance, has vastly different life experiences and health concerns than an 85 or 100-year-old. This single term fails to acknowledge the tremendous diversity within this population. It also carries a subtly negative, medicalized connotation, suggesting frailty or decline, which doesn't reflect the active, independent lives many older adults lead today.
Preferred Alternatives to "Elderly Person"
As awareness of ageism grows, more respectful and precise alternatives have emerged. The key is to use person-first language and avoid generalizations.
Older Adults / Older People
This is widely considered the most neutral and respectful term. It focuses on the person first and the age as a descriptive characteristic, and it avoids the negative baggage associated with older language.
Elders
Used particularly in a community or cultural context, "elders" can confer a sense of wisdom, respect, and seniority. This term is not always appropriate for all situations, but it can be a powerful expression of reverence when used correctly.
By Specific Age Range
In professional or academic writing, specifying a precise age range, such as "people aged 65 and older" or "individuals in their 70s," is often the most accurate and unbiased approach. This prevents broad-brush statements and ensures clarity.
When in Doubt: Just Ask
The ultimate form of respect is to ask a person what they prefer to be called. A simple, polite question shows that you value their individuality and are not making assumptions based on their age.
The Importance of Context
The right term depends heavily on the context. In a casual conversation, calling someone by their name is usually best. In a medical setting, a term like "older patient" may be appropriate. A journalism headline might use "older adults" for clarity. Understanding the context helps in choosing the most fitting and respectful language.
Common Terms: A Comparison
To highlight the differences in perception, consider the following table comparing various terms often used to describe older individuals.
| Term | Connotation | Appropriateness | Why It's Viewed That Way |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elderly | Negative/Medical | Generally Avoided | Lumps people into a single, often frail-sounding, group. |
| Senior Citizen | Patronizing | Often Outdated | Can imply a specific, and sometimes stereotypical, set of social roles or a focus on discounts. |
| Older Adult | Neutral/Respectful | Widely Recommended | Person-first, avoids negative stereotypes, and is non-generalizing. |
| Elder | Positive/Respectful | Situational | Conveys wisdom and seniority, but should be used with care and appropriate context. |
| Golden Ager | Cheerful/Patronizing | Often Outdated | Can sound dismissive of the full range of experiences in later life. |
Challenging Ageist Perceptions
Beyond just changing vocabulary, it’s crucial to challenge the underlying ageist attitudes. The language we use shapes our thoughts and can perpetuate harmful stereotypes. By consciously choosing respectful terms, we help normalize aging as a natural, valuable part of life rather than something to be feared or stigmatized. This also encourages society to see older people as diverse individuals with unique contributions, rather than a monolithic group.
- Promote Positive Representation: Use stories and examples that highlight the full capabilities and contributions of older adults, from professional achievements to personal passions.
- Embrace Individuality: Focus on a person's individual achievements, personality, and life stage rather than their age category.
- Educate Others: Share information about respectful terminology with friends, family, and colleagues to help foster a more inclusive environment.
By engaging with these practices, we move beyond simply changing words to actively changing our mindset. Using language that affirms and respects all people is a small but powerful step toward creating a more inclusive and empathetic society.
For more information on the guidelines for age-inclusive language, refer to the FrameWorks Institute's guide.
Conclusion: Choose Your Words Wisely
So, what is an elderly person called? The answer is nuanced, evolving, and most importantly, about respect. By moving away from outdated, generalizing labels toward more specific, neutral, or honorific terms like "older adults" or "elders," we participate in a broader cultural shift toward dignity and inclusion. The goal is not just linguistic correctness but to foster a more respectful and accurate perception of aging. When you speak about individuals rather than categories, you ensure their full humanity is recognized and celebrated.
