What is a Septuagenarian?
The word "septuagenarian" is derived from the Latin word septuageni, which means "seventy each." It refers to a person who is in their seventies, meaning they are between 70 and 79 years old. This term is part of a series of decade-based names, including:
- Sexagenarian: A person in their sixties (60-69).
- Octogenarian: A person in their eighties (80-89).
- Nonagenarian: A person in their nineties (90-99).
- Centenarian: A person who has reached 100 years of age or older.
While these terms are accurate and often used in formal writing or academic contexts, they are not commonly used in everyday conversation. Using someone's name or a more general term like "older adult" is often more respectful and personal.
Why Language Matters in Healthy Aging
The words we use to describe older adults can influence perceptions of aging and affect how individuals are treated. Respectful and person-centered language helps combat ageism and stereotypes.
The Impact of Ageism
Ageism, or discrimination based on age, can have negative effects on a person's physical and mental health. For example, studies have shown that holding negative beliefs about aging can worsen health outcomes. When we use language that stereotypes older adults as frail or dependent, it reinforces these harmful ideas. Conversely, using positive and respectful language can promote a more dignified and positive view of aging.
Choosing Respectful Alternatives
Instead of focusing on a single, formal word, it's often better to consider context and respect. Here are some respectful alternatives to consider:
- Older Adults or Older People: A neutral and widely accepted term that acknowledges age without relying on stereotypes.
- Seniors: While sometimes disliked, "senior" is a common and often accepted term, especially when used in a neutral context like "senior discounts."
- Person's Name: The most respectful option is always to address someone by their name.
The Realities and Potential of Life at 70
The experience of being 70 is not a monolithic one. Instead of a single word, it's more accurate to describe the diversity of this age group through their actions, interests, and accomplishments. Many people in their seventies are still active, engaged, and vibrant members of their communities.
Life in the 70s: Then vs. Now
Seventy today is not what it was decades ago. Improvements in healthcare, nutrition, and lifestyle have contributed to longer, healthier lives. Many septuagenarians are:
- Running marathons or staying active with regular exercise.
- Starting new businesses or pursuing long-held hobbies.
- Traveling the world and exploring new cultures.
- Remaining active in the workforce, either full-time or part-time.
- Spending time with family and contributing their wisdom to younger generations.
This vibrant reality challenges outdated and often negative stereotypes associated with reaching this age.
A Comparison of Age-Related Terminology
| Term | Age Range | Connotation | Context | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Septuagenarian | 70-79 | Formal, technical | Formal writing, academic papers | Precise but not for casual conversation. |
| Older Adult | Generally 65+ | Neutral, respectful | Medical, social sciences | Broad and non-specific, used widely. |
| Senior | Often 65+ | Common, respectful (context-dependent) | Services, discounts | Use with caution, as some may dislike it. |
| Elder | Varies (e.g., 65+) | Highly respectful, honored | Indigenous cultures, familial roles | Implies wisdom and respect. |
| Elderly | Varies, often 65+ | Negative, outdated | Less common now | Widely considered to be a derogatory term and should be avoided. |
| Golden Ager | Varies | Positive, informal | Marketing, specific communities | Can feel patronizing to some. |
Conclusion: Beyond a Single Word
To answer the question, "What word describes a 70 year old?," the most accurate and formal term is "septuagenarian." However, the deeper lesson is that a single word cannot capture the richness and diversity of life at this stage. Respectful and thoughtful communication is far more important than formal terminology. When interacting with older adults, it's best to use their name and recognize their individual contributions, rather than categorizing them by age alone. Embracing person-centered language helps to foster a culture of respect and dignity for people at every stage of life.
For more resources and guidance on communicating with and caring for older adults, visit the National Institute on Aging website.
