Understanding the Terminology of Aging
While the term 'septuagenarian' is technically correct, it is a formal and less commonly used word in everyday conversation. For many, simple phrases like 'someone in their 70s' are more natural. However, the use of language around aging has evolved significantly, with a greater emphasis on avoiding ageist language and negative stereotypes. The conversation around what to call older individuals extends far beyond a simple dictionary definition.
The Formal Term: Septuagenarian
The term 'septuagenarian' is derived from Latin, with 'septuaginta' meaning seventy. It follows a predictable pattern for decades of life after 40:
- Quadragenarian: 40-49
- Quinquagenarian: 50-59
- Sexagenarian: 60-69
- Septuagenarian: 70-79
- Octogenarian: 80-89
- Nonagenarian: 90-99
- Centenarian: 100-109
While knowing these terms can be interesting, their practical use is limited outside of very formal writing or specific contexts. For most, understanding the implications of different terms and choosing language that is respectful and person-centered is more critical.
Why Words Matter: Beyond the Formal Definition
The language we use influences perception. Terms that are outdated or carry negative connotations, such as 'elderly' or 'senior citizen,' can perpetuate ageism. In contrast, more neutral and positive language like 'older adults' acknowledges age as just one aspect of a person's identity. Organizations like the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the Associated Press (AP) Stylebook provide guidance on using age-inclusive language, favoring specific and person-centered terms.
Preferred Modern Terminology
When referring to individuals, using specific age ranges or the phrase 'older adult' is often best. Here are some examples of respectful and modern language:
- Instead of 'the elderly': 'Older adults' or 'people aged 70 and over'
- Instead of 'senior citizen': 'Retiree' (if applicable) or 'older adult'
- Referencing a group: 'Participants over the age of 70'
- Referring to an individual: Use their name, rather than their age, unless it is relevant to the context. A person's identity is not defined by their age.
A Comparative Look at Aging Terminology
Here is a comparison of different terms used to describe individuals in their 70s, highlighting the perception and context associated with each.
| Term | Connotation | Context of Use | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Septuagenarian | Formal, technical | Highly formal writing, clinical settings, or specific academic contexts. | "The study included 200 septuagenarian participants." |
| Senior Citizen | Outdated, potentially ageist | Historically common, but now often avoided by those who prefer more respectful language. | "The community center offers a program for senior citizens." |
| Elderly | Negative, implies frailty | Now largely considered outdated and derogatory. Best to avoid. | Avoid using this term. |
| Older Adult | Neutral, person-centered | Recommended by health organizations for respectful, general reference. | "The clinic serves a large population of older adults." |
| In their 70s | Descriptive, neutral | The most common and natural way to refer to someone's age. | "My grandfather is in his 70s." |
Promoting Healthy Aging in the 70s and Beyond
Beyond terminology, promoting healthy aging is about empowering individuals to live full, active lives. The perception that aging is a period of decline is being challenged by a generation that is more active and engaged than ever before. Key aspects of healthy aging include maintaining a healthy diet, staying physically and mentally active, and fostering social connections.
Healthy Lifestyle Choices for Those in Their 70s
- Regular Exercise: Gentle exercises like walking, swimming, or tai chi can improve mobility, balance, and mood.
- Nutritious Diet: Focusing on nutrient-rich foods, staying hydrated, and avoiding excessive calories supports overall health.
- Mental Engagement: Activities such as reading, puzzles, and learning new skills can help maintain cognitive function.
- Social Connections: Staying connected with family, friends, and community can combat loneliness and improve mental well-being.
- Preventing Falls: Simple measures like removing tripping hazards and regular eye exams can significantly reduce fall risk.
By focusing on these proactive measures, a person in their 70s can continue to thrive. The language we use should reflect this modern, positive view of aging. For more guidance on using age-inclusive language, refer to the National Institute on Aging's advice on avoiding ageism in writing (https://www.nia.nih.gov/research/blog/2023/12/dont-call-me-old-avoiding-ageism-when-writing-about-aging).
Conclusion
While the term 'septuagenarian' is the official answer to what to call a 70-year-old, it is far from the most important one. What truly matters is using language that is respectful and inclusive, reflecting the dynamism and individuality of older adults. As our society embraces a more positive view of aging, our terminology should evolve with it, focusing on the person rather than just their age bracket. Understanding the options and choosing your words thoughtfully contributes to a more age-positive and supportive environment for all. Ultimately, it’s not about finding the perfect word, but about using language with kindness and respect.
