The World's Oldest Living Person: Ethel Caterham
As of September 2025, Ethel Caterham of the United Kingdom holds the title of the oldest verified living person. Born on August 21, 1909, she resides in a care home in Surrey, England. Mrs. Caterham became the oldest living person in April 2025.
The Path to 116
Supercentenarians like Ethel Caterham are studied by researchers to understand the factors contributing to extreme longevity. Her family history includes a sister who lived to 104, suggesting a potential genetic link. Reaching this age is incredibly rare and is a statistical anomaly.
Understanding the Science of Supercentenarians
Living to 110 or more is an exceptional feat. Women make up the vast majority of this group, with a significantly higher ratio compared to men at extreme ages.
Compression of Morbidity
A key characteristic among many supercentenarians is the compression of morbidity. This means they tend to remain healthy and independent until very late in life, delaying the onset of age-related illnesses. Research suggests supercentenarians often have lower rates of cardiovascular disease, though cognitive decline can occur. Avoiding or delaying major age-related diseases is crucial for exceptional longevity.
Shared Habits of the Longest-Lived
While genetics play a role, lifestyle also significantly impacts longevity, as seen in "Blue Zones" and the habits of centenarians and supercentenarians.
- Diet: Many follow plant-based diets, emphasizing vegetables, fruits, and legumes, and practice moderation, eating until about 80% full.
- Movement: Instead of strenuous exercise, they often incorporate consistent, low-intensity physical activity into daily life, such as walking or gardening.
- Purpose: A strong sense of purpose provides motivation and reduces stress.
- Social Connection: Strong relationships with family and community offer support and reduce stress.
- Stress Management: Effective stress coping mechanisms and a positive outlook are common and can benefit health.
Providing Care for the Extremely Elderly
Individuals living to 116 typically require substantial support. Care options vary depending on individual needs and preferences.
A. Living in a Care Facility
Care homes and assisted living facilities provide medical supervision, social activities, and daily task assistance, offering a safe environment.
B. In-Home Care
In-home care allows individuals to remain in their homes with support ranging from companionship to personal care. Home modifications are often necessary for safety.
C. Family Support
Family members can provide care, either living together or offering regular assistance, allowing for personalized care.
The Longevity Blueprint: Learning from the Oldest
The lives of supercentenarians offer valuable lessons for healthy aging. Focusing on modifiable lifestyle factors like diet, exercise, social connections, and stress management can improve both how long we live and the quality of those years.
A Comparison of Healthy Aging Strategies
| Trait | General Healthy Aging | Extreme Longevity (Supercentenarians) |
|---|---|---|
| Diet | Balanced diet, avoiding processed foods, mindful eating. | Heavily plant-based, moderate caloric intake, often consuming home-cooked meals. |
| Exercise | Regular, moderate-to-vigorous exercise (e.g., gym, sports). | Consistent, natural, low-intensity movement throughout life (e.g., walking, gardening). |
| Social Life | Maintaining a network of friends and family, staying engaged. | Often deeply embedded in close-knit family and community groups that reinforce healthy behaviors. |
| Mindset | Stress reduction, positive outlook, seeking new challenges. | Strong sense of purpose and a low-stress, optimistic disposition. |
| Genetics | Minor influence, largely modifiable factors are key. | Significant genetic component that may help delay or escape major age-related diseases. |
Conclusion: The Remarkable Journey of Extreme Longevity
The story of who lives at 116 highlights the intersection of genetics and lifestyle in achieving extreme longevity. Ethel Caterham and other supercentenarians represent the peak of human lifespan and offer lessons on healthy aging. Adopting simple, healthy habits can significantly impact our health span and overall well-being. For more information on longevity research, visit the Gerontology Research Group.
