Your Essential Vaccine Checklist at Age 70
Staying up-to-date with immunizations is one of the most effective strategies for healthy aging. At age 70, your immune system may not respond as robustly to infections as it once did, increasing your vulnerability to certain diseases. Thankfully, a simple vaccination schedule can provide a powerful defense. Below is a comprehensive guide to the vaccines you should discuss with your healthcare provider.
Shingles (Herpes Zoster) Vaccine: Shingrix
Shingles is a painful rash caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. According to the CDC, about one in three people in the U.S. will develop shingles in their lifetime, with the risk increasing significantly with age. The recombinant zoster vaccine, known as Shingrix, is the current recommendation for healthy adults over 50.
What you need to know about Shingrix:
- Recommended for all adults 50 and older: This includes those who have already had shingles or previously received the older, less effective Zostavax vaccine. Shingrix provides superior protection, with over 90% effectiveness against shingles.
- Two-dose series: The vaccine is given as two shots in the upper arm, 2 to 6 months apart.
- Long-lasting protection: Studies show that Shingrix provides strong protection for at least 7 years post-vaccination.
Pneumococcal Vaccines: Protecting Against Pneumonia
Pneumococcal disease can cause serious, life-threatening infections like pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections. Older adults are at a higher risk of severe illness from this disease. There are two main types of pneumococcal vaccines, and your doctor can determine the best schedule for you based on your age and medical history.
- PCV15 and PCV20: These pneumococcal conjugate vaccines are often recommended first for those over 65 who have not previously had a pneumococcal vaccine. PCV20 offers broader protection than PCV15, covering more strains of bacteria.
- PPSV23: The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, PPSV23, is used in combination with PCV15 in a two-shot sequence for some individuals, or as a standalone vaccine for those with previous vaccination history.
Note: If you're 70 and haven't had a pneumococcal vaccine, speak with your doctor to determine the appropriate sequence and vaccine type to start your protection.
RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) Vaccine
For most adults, RSV causes a mild cold. However, for older adults, it can lead to severe illness, hospitalization, or death. Vaccines against RSV have recently become available for older adults.
- For adults 75 and older: The CDC recommends a single dose of an RSV vaccine for everyone in this age group.
- For adults 50–74: Vaccination is recommended for individuals with underlying medical conditions that increase their risk for severe RSV.
- Important timing: The best time to get an RSV vaccine is typically in the late summer or early fall, before the respiratory virus season begins. The current recommendation is for a single dose, not an annual shot.
Seasonal Flu (Influenza) Vaccine
An annual flu shot is a staple of preventative care for all ages, but it is especially important for seniors. The CDC recommends a higher-dose or adjuvanted flu vaccine for people aged 65 and older. These specialized vaccines are designed to create a stronger immune response, offering better protection against influenza.
COVID-19 Vaccine and Boosters
COVID-19 remains a significant health risk for older adults, who are more susceptible to severe illness and complications. The CDC continues to recommend that individuals stay up-to-date with the latest COVID-19 vaccine formulations, especially those over 65.
Tdap or Td Vaccine: Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis
Protection against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough) requires periodic boosters. After receiving an initial Tdap dose, adults should get a Td booster every 10 years to maintain immunity. This is especially important if you are around young grandchildren or other infants.
Comparison of Key Senior Vaccines
| Vaccine | Target Disease | Recommended Age Group | Doses | Special Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shingrix | Shingles | 50+ years old | 2 doses, 2–6 months apart | Highly effective, even if you've had shingles or the old vaccine. |
| Pneumococcal | Pneumonia, Meningitis | 65+ years old (or 50+ if immunocompromised) | Varies based on type and history | Consult a doctor for the right vaccine sequence. |
| RSV | Respiratory Syncytial Virus | 75+ years old (or 50–74 if high-risk) | Single dose | Best given before RSV season (late summer/early fall). Not annual. |
| Annual Flu | Seasonal Influenza | All ages, but high-dose for 65+ | 1 dose annually | Get the high-dose or adjuvanted version for better protection. |
| Tdap/Td | Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis | 1 dose Tdap, then Td every 10 years | 1 dose (booster) | Protects against serious bacterial infections. |
Why Staying Vaccinated is Crucial in Your 70s
As you reach age 70, your overall health can be impacted by factors like chronic conditions or lifestyle. Vaccination is a simple and effective public health tool that works with your body to prevent disease, not just treat it. By staying on top of your vaccine schedule, you can protect not only yourself but also the vulnerable people around you, such as infants, people with compromised immunity, and other older adults.
Don't assume your younger self's vaccination record is enough. Some vaccines, like the flu shot, need to be updated annually, while others, like the shingles shot, have newer, more effective versions available. Talking with your doctor is the best way to develop a personalized immunization plan based on your unique health profile and risk factors.
It's important to remember that vaccines are safe and widely accessible through doctor's offices, pharmacies, and health departments. Many are covered by insurance plans, including Medicare Part D, and the Inflation Reduction Act removed cost-sharing for many adult vaccines. The time to act is now—don't delay protecting your health and well-being.
For more in-depth information and up-to-date recommendations, consult the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website.
Conclusion
At age 70, taking proactive steps for your health is more important than ever. While this may seem like a lot to track, remembering the core vaccines—Shingrix, Pneumococcal, RSV, flu, and staying current on COVID-19 and Td boosters—is the key. By making vaccination a priority, you can significantly reduce your risk of serious infectious diseases, ensuring you can continue to enjoy a long and healthy life with confidence.
