The Current Single-Dose Guideline
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) currently recommends a single dose of the RSV vaccine for eligible older adults. This differs from the annual flu shot. If you've been vaccinated, you do not need another dose now, as studies show significant protection lasting over a year. The CDC and its advisory committee (ACIP) are evaluating data to inform future recommendations, including potential boosters.
Understanding the Duration of Protection
Research indicates that RSV vaccines provide durable protection for eligible older adults with a single shot. Studies on vaccines like Arexvy and Abrysvo have shown protection lasting up to 18-23 months. While protection may wane slightly over the second year, a single dose significantly reduces hospitalization risk over two seasons.
Key findings on protection duration:
- At least two seasons: Current data suggests protection for at least two RSV seasons.
- Monitoring is key: The CDC and ACIP monitor vaccine effectiveness over time.
- Potential for waning: Some studies show a slight decrease in effectiveness over time, which could lead to future booster recommendations.
Future Recommendations for Booster Doses
A routine schedule for RSV boosters is not yet established. Future decisions on additional doses will depend on long-term effectiveness data, duration of immunity, and viral changes. The CDC and ACIP will review evidence to update recommendations as needed. For now, the single-dose approach is based on current scientific understanding.
Comparison of RSV vs. Flu Vaccination
| Feature | RSV Vaccine | Influenza (Flu) Vaccine |
|---|---|---|
| Recommendation for Seniors | Currently, a single dose is recommended for eligible individuals. | Recommended annually for all older adults, as strains change each year. |
| Frequency | Not an annual vaccine at this time; further evaluation is pending. | Annual vaccination is required to protect against different circulating virus strains. |
| Duration of Protection | Offers durable protection for at least two seasons based on current data. | Offers protection for the specific flu season it is administered in. |
| Booster Schedule | Not currently in place; subject to future review based on long-term data. | Annual booster is standard practice. |
Who Is Eligible for the RSV Shot?
The CDC recommends the RSV vaccine for eligible older adults at higher risk of severe disease, including those 75 and older, and those 50-74 with increased risk from conditions like chronic heart or lung disease or immunocompromise. Residency in a long-term care facility is also a risk factor. Discuss your personal risk with a healthcare provider, especially if you are aged 50–74.
Safety and Coadministration of RSV Vaccines
There are three FDA-approved RSV vaccines available for older adults: Arexvy, Abrysvo, and mResvia. These vaccines are considered safe and effective, with common side effects such as fatigue and injection site pain. Coadministration with other vaccines is possible but may increase common side effects. A rare risk of serious neurologic conditions is being monitored. For most eligible seniors, the benefits outweigh potential risks.
Conclusion: Stay Informed and Consult Your Doctor
Eligible seniors and at-risk adults currently need only a single dose of the RSV vaccine for protection lasting at least two seasons. It is not an annual vaccine like the flu shot. The CDC is monitoring long-term data for future guideline updates regarding additional doses. Stay informed and consult a healthcare professional about your vaccination status. For more detailed information, visit the {Link: CDC's RSV Vaccine Guidance page https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/hcp/vaccine-clinical-guidance/adults.html}.
This information is for general knowledge and should not replace medical advice.
