What is the vaccination for age 75? A Comprehensive Guide

According to the CDC, older adults are at a higher risk of severe illness from vaccine-preventable diseases like influenza, RSV, and pneumococcal disease. Therefore, understanding what is the vaccination for age 75 and keeping up-to-date with immunizations is a crucial part of maintaining good health and preventing serious complications.

Quick Summary

Adults age 75 should prioritize receiving annual high-dose flu shots, a single RSV vaccine dose, and two doses of the shingles vaccine. Staying current with COVID-19, pneumococcal, and Tdap boosters is also essential for comprehensive protection.

Key Points

• Annual Flu Shot: Adults aged 75 should receive a high-dose or adjuvanted flu shot every year for enhanced protection.

• RSV Vaccine: A single dose of the RSV vaccine is recommended for all adults aged 75 and older and is not required annually.

• Shingles Vaccine: All adults aged 50 and older, including those over 75, should receive two doses of the Shingrix vaccine.

• Pneumococcal Vaccination: The recommended age for routine pneumococcal vaccination is now 50, and the specific vaccine and dosing for adults aged 75 depends on their prior vaccination history.

• COVID-19 Updates: Adults aged 65 and over, including those 75 and older, should stay updated with current COVID-19 vaccine recommendations, which may include a second updated dose.

• Tdap/Td Boosters: A one-time Tdap shot, if not previously received, followed by Td or Tdap boosters every 10 years, provides protection against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis.

Annual Flu Shot: Enhanced Protection for Seniors

The influenza (flu) vaccine is recommended annually for everyone aged 6 months and older, but it is especially important for adults aged 75. For those 65 and older, the CDC preferentially recommends higher-potency flu vaccines designed to elicit a stronger immune response. These enhanced vaccines include:

• High-dose inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV4)
• Adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV4)
• Recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV4)

These options provide superior protection compared to standard-dose vaccines for older adults. Ideally, the flu shot should be received in late summer or early fall, typically September or October, to offer the best defense throughout the flu season.

RSV Vaccine: A New Standard for Older Adults

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause serious illness in older adults, leading to complications such as pneumonia, hospitalization, and even death. The CDC now recommends a single dose of an RSV vaccine for all adults 75 and older. The vaccine is given once, not annually, and can be received at any time of year. This recommendation is based on strong evidence of its effectiveness in preventing severe illness in this age group.

Shingles Vaccine: Preventing a Painful Condition

Shingles is a painful rash caused by the same virus as chickenpox. It is more common and can cause more severe side effects in older adults. To prevent shingles, the CDC recommends the recombinant zoster vaccine (Shingrix) for all healthy adults aged 50 and older. This is a two-dose series, with the second dose given 2 to 6 months after the first. This recommendation stands regardless of whether you have previously had shingles or received the older Zostavax vaccine.

Pneumococcal Vaccine: Guarding Against Serious Infections

Pneumococcal bacteria can cause serious infections like pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia (bloodstream infections). The CDC recommends pneumococcal vaccination for all adults aged 50 and older. The specific vaccine and number of doses required depend on your vaccination history and other health risk factors. If you have not previously received a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), a single dose of PCV20 is often recommended, which completes the series. Your healthcare provider can determine the best course of action based on your individual needs.

COVID-19 Vaccine: Staying Current with Updated Doses

As the COVID-19 virus continues to circulate, updated vaccinations are critical, especially for adults 65 and older who face a higher risk of severe outcomes. The CDC recommends that adults 65 and older receive an updated COVID-19 vaccine. In some cases, a second dose may be advised six months after the first, particularly for immunocompromised individuals and older adults. Staying up-to-date with these recommendations helps bolster protection that may have waned over time.

Tdap/Td Vaccine: Covering Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis

For ongoing protection against tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough), adults need periodic booster shots. A one-time dose of Tdap is recommended for any adult who has not previously received it. Subsequently, a Td booster is needed every 10 years. For older adults who interact with infants, ensuring pertussis protection via Tdap is especially important.

Comparison of Key Vaccinations for Age 75+

Vaccine	Target Disease	Recommended Dose(s)	Frequency	Age Recommendation	Special Considerations
Influenza (Flu)	Influenza	1 dose	Annually	All adults 65+	High-dose or adjuvanted versions preferred for stronger immune response
RSV	Respiratory Syncytial Virus	1 dose	Not annual	All adults 75+	A single dose provides protection for at least two years
Shingrix	Shingles (Herpes Zoster)	2 doses	Once (series)	Adults 50+	Second dose 2–6 months after first. Preferred over Zostavax.
Pneumococcal	Pneumococcal Diseases	1 dose (varies)	Varies	Adults 50+	Type of vaccine and number of doses depend on history.
COVID-19	COVID-19	1-2 updated doses	Varies	Adults 65+	Discuss with a healthcare provider for current recommendations.
Tdap/Td	Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis	1 dose Tdap, then Td boosters	Tdap once, Td every 10 years	All adults	Especially important for those around infants.

Conclusion

Maintaining a robust immunization schedule is a proactive and vital step for any individual over 75. By ensuring you are current on recommended vaccinations for influenza, RSV, shingles, pneumococcal disease, COVID-19, and Tdap/Td, you can significantly reduce your risk of contracting these potentially severe illnesses and their complications. Regular consultations with a healthcare provider are essential to tailor this schedule to your specific health history and needs.

Learn more about adult immunization schedules from the CDC.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Medicare cover the cost of vaccines for a 75-year-old?

Yes, Medicare generally covers the cost of many recommended adult vaccines. For example, the flu and pneumococcal vaccines are covered under Part B, while others like the shingles (Shingrix) and RSV vaccines are covered under Part D. It's advisable to check with your specific plan for details on coverage.

Can I get multiple vaccines at the same visit?

Yes, it is often possible to receive multiple vaccines during the same visit. However, this may increase the likelihood of mild side effects, such as soreness or fever, and it's best to discuss co-administration with your healthcare provider.

How often do I need the RSV vaccine after age 75?

The RSV vaccine is not an annual shot. The CDC currently recommends only a single dose for adults aged 75 and older. Protection from the single dose is expected to last for at least two years.

I had shingles in the past. Do I still need the vaccine?

Yes. The CDC recommends the Shingrix vaccine for all healthy adults aged 50 and older, including those who have had shingles previously. Getting vaccinated helps prevent future episodes.

What is the difference between a regular flu shot and the high-dose one for seniors?

High-dose or adjuvanted flu vaccines are specifically designed for people 65 and older. They contain a stronger dose or an additive (adjuvant) to stimulate a more robust immune response, offering better protection against influenza for older adults.

What should I do if I can't remember my pneumococcal vaccination history?

If you are 75 and can't recall your pneumococcal vaccination history, your healthcare provider can help. For those with unknown vaccination history, a single dose of a PCV vaccine is often recommended to ensure protection.

Are there any side effects from these vaccines?

Common side effects for most vaccines include soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site, and sometimes mild fever or headache. Most side effects are temporary. Your doctor or pharmacist can provide specific information about potential side effects for each vaccine.