Meet Ethel Caterham, the World's Oldest Woman
Born on August 21, 1909, Ethel Caterham is the world's oldest living person, as verified by organizations like LongeviQuest and Guinness World Records. A former governess, her life has spanned significant historical events, including two World Wars. Following the death of the previous titleholder, Caterham became the oldest living person and is the last known individual born in the 1900s decade.
When asked about her longevity, she has shared her perspective: "Never arguing with anyone. I listen and I do what I like". In August 2025, she celebrated her 116th birthday, becoming the oldest person ever from the United Kingdom.
The Science Behind Extreme Longevity
While media often focuses on lifestyle tips from supercentenarians, scientific research investigates the factors contributing to their long lives.
- Genetic Factors: Genetics likely play a significant role, with some individuals potentially inheriting genetic variants that promote longevity.
- Lifestyle and Environment: Alongside genetics, factors like diet, exercise, and managing stress are commonly observed in the lives of the oldest individuals.
- Medical Advances: While modern medicine has increased average lifespans, the existence of supercentenarians like Caterham, born before many medical advancements, suggests a remarkable inherent resilience.
Notable Longest-Living Women in History
Beyond Ethel Caterham, other women have held the record for the oldest living person. Jeanne Calment is particularly notable for holding the record for the longest-verified human lifespan.
Historical Context: Jeanne Calment vs. Modern Record Holders
Jeanne Calment of France lived to be 122 years and 164 days, from 1875 to 1997, a record that remains unsurpassed. She is the oldest person ever verified. While Ethel Caterham's longevity is remarkable, Calment's lifespan serves as a historical benchmark.
| Feature | Ethel Caterham | Jeanne Calment |
|---|---|---|
| Verification Source | LongeviQuest, Guinness World Records | Gerontology Research Group, Guinness World Records |
| Lifespan | 116 years (and counting) | 122 years, 164 days |
| Year of Birth | 1909 | 1875 |
| Year of Death | Still Living (as of Sept. 2025) | 1997 |
| Notable Habit/Secret | Avoids arguing, lives at her own pace | Ate over a kilogram of chocolate a week, smoked until age 117 |
| Lived Through | Two World Wars | Sold canvasses to Vincent van Gogh |
| Historical Significance | Last known surviving person born in the 1900s decade | The longest-lived human ever recorded |
The Role of Supercentenarian Organizations
Organizations like the Gerontology Research Group (GRG) and LongeviQuest are crucial for verifying the ages of the world's oldest people. Their process involves authenticating age claims with credible documentation, which is vital for maintaining accurate longevity records and supporting scientific research.
A Concluding Perspective on Extreme Longevity
The lives of individuals like Ethel Caterham offer valuable insights into extreme longevity, suggesting that a blend of genetics, lifestyle, and chance may be key. The work of research organizations in tracking these individuals not only provides a public record but also contributes to our understanding of the factors that contribute to longer, healthier lives. As Ethel Caterham continues to live, she remains a compelling example of human longevity.
